Studies assessing the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in marine environments have increased in the last decades. In Brazil, the combination of poor sanitation conditions and low investment in sewage treatment plants leads to significant contamination of receiving waters. The risks of these micropollutants in the aquatic biota include biochemical and histopathological alterations of the liver, gonads, and kidneys, as well as, reproductive process and development modifications, and behavioral changes, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the surface and deep waters of Guanabara Bay, southeastern Brazil, regarding the presence of estrogenic substances. Acute toxicity assays were also conducted employing Vibrio fischeri. The estrogenic activity of the water samples was determined by Yeast Estrogen Screen assay and the quantification of the Bisphenol A, estriol, 17β-estradiol, and 17α-ethinylestradiol by high-performance liquid chromatography, using fluorescence and diode array detectors. Estrogenic activity ranged from 9 to 77 ng L-1 of estradiol equivalents. The highest micropollutants concentrations were detected for bisphenol A (298.5 and 465.5 ng L-1), followed by 17α-ethinylestradiol (248 and 256.9 ng L-1), estriol (70.7 and 179.6 ng L-1), and 17β-estradiol (167 and 174.8 ng L-1) for surface and deep waters, respectively. The findings indicate significant risks for the Guanabara Bay ecosystem. No acute toxicity effects were observed in the V. fisheri assay. These data reflect the current environmental degradation situation of the bay’s waters and highlight the need for the systematic monitoring of this important estuary.
A contaminação por agrotóxicos é uma das maiores preocupações ambientais e de saúde pública na atualidade. Os efeitos desses produtos atingem não só áreas rurais, mas a população como um todo. Vargem Alta, localizada na Região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro, possui tradição na produção de olerícolas e destaque no cultivo de flores como: crisântemos, rosas, palmas, tango, gérberas, entre outras. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar os problemas de saúde por exposição aos agrotóxicos dos trabalhadores na floricultura. A metodologia consistiu na aplicação de um questionário específico para os agricultores, agentes de saúde e técnicos em Vargem Alta e adjacências, para obter dados sobre os principais sintomas relatados. Os resultados demonstraram expressiva utilização de agrotóxicos; fragilidade da fiscalização; descompasso entre as medidas mínimas de segurança; ausência de uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e descarte inadequado de embalagens. Entre os sintomas mais relatados destacam-se: problemas de nervos; endócrinos; neurológicos; respiratórios; hepáticos; alergias; hipertensão; diabetes; diarréias; dores no corpo e vertigens. Nesse sentido, práticas sustentáveis precisam ser estimuladas, com políticas públicas mais efetivas voltadas para lugares e situações de risco por exposição em áreas rurais.
The pandemic of the new coronavirus in 2020 caused a serious global health and humanitarian crisis. In the case of the older people, the vulnerabilities were extremely deepened due to the expressive number of infected and dead people worldwide. The objective of this work was to evaluate older people aged 60 years or more in the pandemic of COVID-19, regarding issues of social withdrawal and isolation, fear, frailty, abandonment, and other feelings. The methodology used a broad bibliographic survey, an online questionnaire, with specific questions for locations in the Brazilian federation, in the period from July 06 to 25, 2021, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. A total of 108 people aged 60 to 97 years were interviewed. Through the answers obtained, some impacts on the mental and emotional health of the elderly were observed. The main feelings reported were: (38%) anxiety, (31%) helplessness (27%), fear (26%), and sadness (26%). The highest percentages observed were for the feelings of sadness (60%), anguish (56%), stress (52%) and anxiety (52%) respectively. Therefore, specific public policies for this segment of the population are essential for quality of life and physical and emotional well-being.
Conservação da natureza. 2. Impacto ambiental. I. Prandel, Jéssica Aparecida. CDD 363.7 Elaborado por Maurício Amormino Júnior-CRB6/2422 O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores. 2019 Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais.
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