RESUMOO objectivo deste artigo é o de fazer uma revisão da literatura relativa aos dois modelos mais marcantes na actualidade no que respeita ao ensino dos jogos desportivos, o Teaching Games for Understanding e o Sport Education Model, considerando os contributos percebidos como mais significativos no que diz respeito à origem dos modelos; às reflexões teórica e apreciações crí-ticas dos modelos, às propostas de revisão e tendências de evolução dos modelos, à literatura de carácter didáctico associada aos modelos; à evolução da investigação empírica directamente associada aos modelos; e, finalmente ao diálogo entre os modelos e os desafios colocados por novas abordagens ao ensino dos jogos desportivos.Palavras-chave: modelos de ensino, jogos desportivos, TGfU, modelo de educação desportiva ABSTRACT Research on models for teaching gamesThe main goal of this paper is to review the literature related to the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) and the Sport Education Model (SE), which are presently the most influential models addressing the teaching of sport games. The scope of the review comprehends the contributions perceived to be relevant for examining the roots of the models; the theoretical essays and critical appraisals of the models; the proposals of revision and evolution trends for the models; the didactical literature associated to the models; the evolution of the empirical research directly focused on the models; and finally, the dialogue between the models and the challenges coming from new approaches to the teaching of games.

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The functional asymmetry of the lower limbs has been regarded as a relevant factor of the performance of football players. We purposed to ascertain whether a specific technical training programme for the non-preferred foot has implications in the increasing utilisation rate of the respective member during the game. Young football players (n = 71) were randomly divided into experimental group (N = 35; 14.37 ± 1.94 years) and control group (N = 36; 14.50 ± 1.81 years). The study was developed into three stages: first, assessment of the index utilisation of both limbs during the game; second, application of a technical training programme that includes the drilling of specific motor skills exclusively directed to the non-preferred foot; and third, assessment of the new rate of both limbs' utilisation after the predefined six months. The main findings were: (1) the use of the non-preferred foot increased significantly with the technical training programme in the experimental group and remained constant in the control group; (2) the use of the preferred foot decreased significantly in the experimental group and remained similar in control group. We concluded that a systematic and specific technical training for the non-preferred foot increases its use and reduces functional asymmetry in game situation, consequently improving the player's performance.

Resumo: O objetivo desta investigação foi analisar a carreira de professores de Educação Física, considerando os ciclos da trajetória profissional docente. Participaram do estudo descritivo-exploratório bietápico 64 professores de Educação Física atuantes em escolas municipais de Porto Alegre/RS. No primeiro momento foram aplicados questionários (n=64) e no segundo momento realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas (n=13). Os resultados possibilitaram a identificação de cinco ciclos que caracterizam a carreira docente dos professores de Educação Física, nomeadamente a Entrada na Carreira, Consolidação das Competências Profissionais na Carreira, Afirmação e Diversificação na Carreira, Renovação na Carreira e Maturidade na Carreira. A continuação dos estudos é sugerida para acompanhar docentes após o processo de aposentadoria, bem como ampliar a caracterização dos diferentes ciclos da carreira de professores de Educação Física.Abstract: This investigation looked into the career of the Physical Education teachers, considering the cycles of their professional trajectories. Sixty-two Physical Education teachers working in municipal schools in Porto Alegre, RS, participated in the descriptiveexploratory two-stage study. First, questionnaires were applied (n= 64) and then semistructured interviews (n= 13) were conducted. Besides, it was possible to identify the cycles that characterize the educational career of Physical Education teachers, which are: entrance; consolidation of professional competences; affirmation and diversification; renewal; and maturity. More studies are suggested for following teachers after they retire as well as to broaden the characterization of the different career cycles of Physical Education teachers.Resumen: El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la carrera de profesores de Educación Física, considerando los ciclos de su trayectoria profesional docente. Participaron del estudio descriptivo exploratorio bietápico 64 profesores de Educación Física que actúan en escuelas municipales de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. En el primer momento se aplicaron cuestionarios (n=64) y en el segundo momento se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas (n=13). Los resultados posibilitaron la identificación de cinco ciclos que caracterizan la carrera docente de los profesores de Educación Física, que son: Entrada en la Carrera, Consolidación de las Competencias Profesionales en la Carrera, Consolidación y Diversificación en la Carrera, Renovación en la Carrera y Madurez en la Carrera. La continuación de los estudios se sugiere para acompañar a los docentes después del proceso de jubilación, así como ampliar la caracterización de los diferentes ciclos de la carrera de los profesores de Educación Física. Palavras chave:Mobilidade profissional. Educação Física e treinamento. Socialização.

A abordagem da literatura a respeito da base de conhecimentos para o ensino leva a concebê-la como a responsável por reunir todos os conhecimentos que os estudantes-professores, futuros professores, constroem sobre docência, educação, escola, aluno, professor, ensino, aprendizagem e tantos outros que dizem respeito à profissão docente e à atuação do professor. (GRAÇA, 1997;MIZUKAMI, 2004;SHULMAN, 1987).A abrangência da base de conhecimentos para o ensino dos estudantes-professores foi destacada por Shulman (1987) que, ao apresentá-la, dividiu-a em sete grupos de conhecimentos, nomeadamente (1) do conteúdo, (2) pedagógico geral, (3) do currículo, (4) dos estudantes e de suas características, (5) do contexto educacional, (6) dos fins, propósitos e valores educacionais, e (7) pedagógico do conteúdo. Dentre os integrantes da base de conhecimentos, o conhecimento pedagógico do conteúdo é o que se destaca por seu papel de integrar os demais conhecimentos visando tornar os conhecimentos do conteúdo compreensíveis e ensináveis, proporcionando a aprendizagem dos alunos. (GRAÇA, 1997;PARK;OLIVER, 2008;SHULMAN, 1987).Apesar do investimento de vários autores em pesquisas relacionadas com a base de conhecimentos para o ensino, e do aparente avanço nas discussões a seu respeito, fazer Motriz, Rio Claro, v.16 n.3 p.776-787, jul./set. 2010 Artigo Structuring the knowledge base for teaching of preservice teachers of Physical EducationAbstract: The knowledge base for teaching has all the knowledge needed for teaching activities, among them the pedagogical content knowledge, which main function is to integrate knowledge of students, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and knowledge of context, intended to transform content knowledge to teachable and understandable knowledge to students. Given this, the aim of this paper was to analyze the possible determining factors in the structuring of the knowledge base of future teachers of Physical Education. In this sense, the literature emphasizes the influence (1) the history and all of the preservice teachers life experiences, and (2) the teacher education context, including teacher educators, colleagues, different training strategies, the approach to the reality of the profession, and practical experience, both sports as the educational. The interaction of all these elements gives rise to structure the knowledge base for teaching, and to construct the pedagogical content knowledge of preservice teacher.

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar quais os comportamentos táticos podem ser alterados após 20 sessões de treino. A amostra foi composta por 18 jogadores da categoria sub-14. O instrumento utilizado para a avaliação dos comportamentos táticos foi o FUT-SAT e as sessões de

It has been suggested that there is a link between epinephrine synthesis and the development of b 2 -adrenoceptor-mediated effects, but it remains to be determined whether this development is triggered by epinephrine. The aim of this study was to characterize b-adrenoceptor-mediated relaxation and facilitation of norepinephrine release in the aorta of phenylethanolamine-Nmethyltransferase-knockout (Pnmt-KO) mice. Catecholamines were quantified by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection. Aortic rings were mounted in a myograph to determine concentration-response curves to selective b 1 -or b 2 -adrenoceptor agonists in the absence or presence of selective b 1 -or b 2 -adrenoceptor antagonists. Aortic rings were also preincubated with [ Isoproterenol and terbutaline induced concentration-dependent increases in tritium overflow in WT mice only. b 2 -Adrenoceptor protein density was decreased in membrane aorta homogenates of Pnmt-KO mice, and this finding was supported by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. In conclusion, epinephrine is crucial for b 2 -adrenoceptor-mediated vasodilation and facilitation of norepinephrine release. In the absence of epinephrine, b 2 -adrenoceptor protein density was decreased in aorta cell membranes, thus potentially hindering its functional activity.

Abstract:The present study is a systematic review of literature, with the objective to map the typology of conceptual studies about professional identity, as well as the used conceptual fields and the evidence therefrom resulting. The research was made within the electronic databases ISI web of Knowledge, EBSCO (Academic Search Complete, ERIC and Sport Discus) and B-On, between 2002 and 2011. The research equation was "Professional Identity" AND "Review", in the fields 'abstract', 'topic' and 'title' having been integrated 22 articles. The content analysis was the technique used, with the following categories defined a priori: i) typology studies; (ii) conceptual framework around the professional identity; iii) indications for future researches about teacher's identity. The results showed a marked increase of publications in 2011, in large professional areas (teachers and nurses) and in two main stages of development (the learning and professional process), as well as a strong conceptual positioning of authors in the perspective of symbolic interactionism and in post-modernity. It was also clear that the concept of professional identity fits simultaneously in individual (personal and social) and collective dimensions. Indeed, it involves the individual, his/her relationship with the other in a given context and his/her sense of belonging to a group. Regarding the proposals for future investigations, the researches with a qualitative nature (ethnographic and longitudinal) in work places prevails, with emphasis on the observation of dynamics established in communities of practice and its speeches (public and private), in a combination of micro and macro analysis.