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In this paper, we present a simulation program that allows for the concurrent propagation of action potentials in axons coupled via currents, as well as, for the first time, the computation of the resultant nodal electric field generated as the action potentials traverse the tract of axons. With these fields in hand, we inject currents into nodes of axons that depend on these fields and study the coupling between axons in the presence of the fields and currents present jointly in varying strengths. We find close-to-synchronized propagation in three dimensions. Further, we derive for the first time a mathematical equation for tortuous tracts (as opposed to linear) with such field-mediated coupling. The geometrical formulation enables us to consider spacetime perturbative effects, which have also not been considered in the literature so far. We investigate the case when gravitational radiation is present, in order to determine its impact on tract information processing. We find that action potential relative-timing in a tract is affected by the strength and frequency of gravitational waves and the waning of this influence with weakening strength. This latter study blurs the division between what lies inside and outside man. As an additional novelty, we investigate the influence of geometry on the information transmission capacity of the ephaptically-coupled tract, when viewed as a discrete memoryless channel, and find a rising trend in capacity with increasing axonal inclinations, which may occur in traumatic CNS injury.

Background: The estimation of inter-relationship between arm span and stature has been an important tool in anthropometric measurements. It is found to be of great importance in such cases where direct measurement of stature is not possible. Objective: To find the correlation between the arm-span and standing height of both males and females in the population of Rajasthan and to use the results for medico-legal and anthropometric purposes. Materials and Methods:The study involved 600 participants (300 males and 300 females) grouped in 3 different age groups to find inter-relationship between arm-span and standing height among these age groups. The groups were divided as Group A (26-35 yr), Group B (36-45 yr), Group C (46-55). The data for study collected from different regions of Rajasthan by means of community visits. The standing height and arm-span were measured for each individual and analyzed. Result: A positive correlation was found to exist between the arm-span and stature. The correlation coefficient "r" was found to be 0.921, 0.956 and 0.956 for group A, B and C respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that arm-span can be used in estimation of the height of both males and females. Arm span is one of the most reliable body parameter for obtaining the stature of an individual, also useful in obtaining age-related loss in stature and in identifying individuals with disproportionate growth abnormalities and in medico-legal cases.

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