On Axon Interaction and Its Role in Neurological Networks

Chawla, Aman; Morgera, S.D.; Snider, Arthur David

doi:10.1109/tcbb.2019.2941689

Cited by 8 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In [20], we extend Equations ( 11) and ( 12) to the three-dimensional setting. We consider arbitrary inclinations for axons in a 3D coordinate system, but the axons are still linear themselves.…”

Section: Axon-axon Interaction Via Currents: a Quick Passmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has a purpose, not yet understood. In the generalized ephaptic equation (GEE) published in [20], if we make the angular inclinations and W-matrix z-dependent then that would take care of such tortuosity as well. The reasoning which leads us to this insight is that regardless of how tortuous a tract's axons may be, if we cut the tract up into small segments of infinitesimal length dz the axons would be linear within those segments and have a fairly constant inclination as well.…”

Section: Generalized Ephaptic Equation With Tract Tortuosity and Electric Field-based Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) Ephaptic Program-this program, published in 2019 [20], is able to compute the current-mediated interaction between axons and show the synchronization of action potentials in simple geometries. We refer the reader to that reference.…”

Section: Joint Simulation Of Tracts and Electric Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where f is the frequency of the gravitational wave. Since no other partial derivative actually appears in the GEE equation [20], we limit our analysis to this case. This leads to multiplicative prefactors on terms containing the inclination, within the simulation program.…”

Section: Initial Studies Of Gravitational Waves Interacting With the Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence we can evaluate Equation (35.15) simply-we will obtain the time varying distance separating the two particles A and B, in terms of the metric perturbation. Taking this as a general principle and applying it to the geometry [20] we have the following. In our case the tract is modeled as a right circular cylinder, increasing in length along the +z axis.…”

Section: Initial Studies Of Gravitational Waves Interacting With the Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Fields, Geometry and Their Impact on Axon Interaction

Chawla¹,

Morgera²,

Snider³

2021

JAMP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, we present a simulation program that allows for the concurrent propagation of action potentials in axons coupled via currents, as well as, for the first time, the computation of the resultant nodal electric field generated as the action potentials traverse the tract of axons. With these fields in hand, we inject currents into nodes of axons that depend on these fields and study the coupling between axons in the presence of the fields and currents present jointly in varying strengths. We find close-to-synchronized propagation in three dimensions. Further, we derive for the first time a mathematical equation for tortuous tracts (as opposed to linear) with such field-mediated coupling. The geometrical formulation enables us to consider spacetime perturbative effects, which have also not been considered in the literature so far. We investigate the case when gravitational radiation is present, in order to determine its impact on tract information processing. We find that action potential relative-timing in a tract is affected by the strength and frequency of gravitational waves and the waning of this influence with weakening strength. This latter study blurs the division between what lies inside and outside man. As an additional novelty, we investigate the influence of geometry on the information transmission capacity of the ephaptically-coupled tract, when viewed as a discrete memoryless channel, and find a rising trend in capacity with increasing axonal inclinations, which may occur in traumatic CNS injury.

show abstract

Section: Axon-axon Interaction Via Currents: a Quick Passmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generalized Ephaptic Equation With Tract Tortuosity and Electric Field-based Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Joint Simulation Of Tracts and Electric Fieldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Studies Of Gravitational Waves Interacting With the Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Studies Of Gravitational Waves Interacting With the Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Fields, Geometry and Their Impact on Axon Interaction

Chawla¹,

Morgera²,

Snider³

2021

JAMP

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Long range electromagnetic field nature of nerve signal propagation in myelinated axons

Zhai¹,

Ooi²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

Chinese Phys. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The nature of saltatory conduction in myelinated axon described by equivalent circuit and circuit theory is still contentious. Recent experimental observations of action potentials transmitting through disjointed nerve fibers strongly suggest an electromagnetic wave propagation mechanism of the nerve signals. In this paper, we employ the electromagnetic wave model of the myelinated axon to describe action potential signal propagation. We use the experimental frequency-dependent conductivity and permittivity values of the nerve tissues in order to reliably calculate the electromagnetic modes by using electromagnetic mode solvers. We find that the electromagnetic waves above 10 kHz can be well confined in extracellular fluid–myelin sheath–intracellular fluid waveguide and propagate a distance of 7 mm without much attenuation. Our study may serve as one of the fundamental researches for the better understanding of the nervous system.

show abstract

On the Geometry of Interacting Axon Tracts in Relation to Their Functional Properties

Chawla

Morgera

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is well known that demyelination associated with multiple sclerosis alters coupling between axons in a diseased nerve tract due to exposure of ion channels. In this work we ask the question whether the presence of electric fields as a coupling mechanism between nerve axons, has any impact on the expected conduction properties of the nerve under focal demyelination. Using an approximate geometry for a bundle of three axons, we allow electric fields generated at a node of Ranvier to influence other nodes of Ranvier on different axons. In order to introduce focal demyelination, we allow a new type of structure, intermediate between a node and an internodal segment. We find that the nerve's conduction profiles are different with and without field-based coupling. This is important because it opens up the possibility for an experimental investigation to study whether field-based coupling predominates over current-based coupling. Fields and currents may also be measured using different methods and so there are implications for bioinstrumentation. From a systems perspective, the study is based on a novel equation which allows electric fields to act as sources of current at axons' nodes of Ranvier, thereby generating new behaviors from the set of coupled partial differential equations that model the electrodynamics of the nerve. In addition to our simulation study of focal demyelination, we present a justification for a certain geometric W-matrix used in our phenomenological 2019 model. We also provide the first simulations of a tract of tortuous axons, showing the impact of tract tortuosity on conduction velocity. The tortuous model is analyzed geometrically to illustrate the mechanism of synchronization. Finally, this same model is shown to be castable as a learning machine - a formulation that has neuroscience implications.

show abstract

On Axon Interaction and Its Role in Neurological Networks

Cited by 8 publications

References 11 publications

Fields, Geometry and Their Impact on Axon Interaction

Fields, Geometry and Their Impact on Axon Interaction

Long range electromagnetic field nature of nerve signal propagation in myelinated axons

On the Geometry of Interacting Axon Tracts in Relation to Their Functional Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About