Periodontitis is multifactorial inflamation process and related to disproportion of cytokine. IL-10 is a dominant noninflammatory cytokines that related to gene polymorphism. Polymorphism G-1082A IL-10 genes has been reported to increase the risk of periodontitis occurs in Italian populations, apart from different result found in Brazilian. The purpose of this research was to determine the polymorphism G-1082A IL-10 in periodontitis patients in Indonesia, especially among Yogyakarta’s Javanese. This is a case-control research with subjects according to the inclusion criteria. DNA was taken by cotton swab from the epithelial cells of buccal mucosa, and was isolated using a PrestoTM (GeneAid) kit. Genotyping analysis by using the PCR RFLP technique and descriptive results were presented. The result showed that A allele frequency is 100% and no G allele was found. AA genotype in case group has lower frequency than in control group and vice versa. From this research, it was concluded that A allele was dominant in Yogyakarta’s Javanese, and AA genotype frequency is lower in individual with periodontitis.
Pendidikan mengenai tata krama merupakan hal yang harus diberikan sejak anak usia dini. Anak usia dini merupakan usia menerima pengaruh disekitar dengan cepat dan menjadi pondasi untuk pendidikan selanjutnya, maka guru memiliki kewajiban untuk mendidik anak termasuk tata krama. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara dan observasi, kemudian uji keabsahan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah guru di RA Syihabuddin Malang tidak hanya menggunakan video pendukung dalam pendidikan tata krama. Guru menggunakan praktik langsung dengan pembiasaan tata krama dasar seperti mengucapkan kata “maaf, tolong, terimakasih”, mengetuk pintu dan memberi salam, mendengarkan orang lain saat berbicara dan tidak menyela saat orang lain berbicara. Kata kunci: Guru, Pendidikan, Tata Krama, Anak Usia Dini. AbstractThe education about manners is something that must be given to an early childhood. Early childhood is the age of receiving influences around them quickly and it becomes the foundation for their further education. Teachers have an obligation to educate children, including about manners. This research is a qualitative research with case study approached. Data were collected by an observation and an interviews. The validity used a triangulation. The results of this research are the teachers of RA Syihabuddin Malang not depends the manners education with a video, they uses hands-on practice habits for manners education with basic manners such as saying the words “sorry, please, thank you”, knocking on doors before entering the room and greetings, listening to others when they are talking and not interrupting. Key words: Teacher, Education, Manners, Early Childhood,
The genotype variation of the interleukin 4 (IL-4) gene on spot -590 C/T is known to correlate with IL-4 protein expression in periodontitis, but the results found in the population are inconsistent. Sequencial genotype analysis of multiple genes often used stored DNA samples obtained from buccal mucosal epithelial cells. This study aims to determine the use of stored DNA samples obtained from buccal mucosal epithelial cells for genotype analysis specifically on -590 C/T IL-4 genes. This is a descriptive analytical study. The samples were 58 DNA derived from the buccal mucosal epithelial cells taken by sterile cotton swab isolated with PrestoTM kit (GeneAid). The DNA has been stored for 2 years at -20 °C. The genotype analysis was conducted using PCR RFLP technique with BSmFI enzyme and the data were presented descriptively. The results show that 51.72% of the stored DNA is still in good condition and 37.9% can be used for genotype analysis. It was concluded that DNA derived from buccal mucosal epithelial cells stored at -20 °C for 2 years can still be used for genotype analysis, but the quality of DNA is affected by storage time.
Language is a socially or conventionally accepted code used to express a concept through the use of the desired symbols and combinations of symbols arranged by words. Early childhood is in a sensitive period in language, language skills are very important, they have a vital role in all aspects of intellectual development, in this period children will continue to master and develop their language’s development, if no stimulus is given, children will have limited intellectual development. Early language development involves four skills: hearing, speaking, reading, and writing. Writing is a helpful approach to encourage children to use signs and symbols to communicate their ideas. The aims of this study are to describe and analyze the application of Metal Insets media with sensory motor for learning to write through literature studies, explain the characteristics of Metal Insets Media with sensory motor, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of Metal Insets Media with sensory motor. This research method is a qualitative with a literature study approach to describe and analyze. The results obtained that Metal Insets media is a writing aid to stimulate early writing ability childhood involving sensory motor it is related to Montessori’s research about humans control their surroundings with their hands and change it in accordance with the direction of their minds, which is inextricably linked to their body morphology and abilities, Metal Insets application take notice on Montessori approach, with the four pillars, such as sensitive periods, a prepared environment, sensory education and spontaneous activity through repetition.
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