This article analyzes the convergence between business strategy and organizational theory, by making a detailed comparative study of four theories focusing competitive advantage phenomena. These theories include the strategic positioning school, the resource-based view, the market processes and the dynamic competencies theory. We conclude the convergence between organizational theory and business strategy is a promising research opportunity for both disciplines.RAE -Revista de Administração de Empresas Out./Dez. 2000 RESUMO Este artigo faz uma análise das quatro principais correntes teóricas que tratam do fenômeno da vantagem competitiva, isto é, a ocorrência de níveis de performance econômica acima da média de mercado em função das estratégias adotadas pelas firmas. São examinadas, em termos de seus pressupostos e de suas conseqüências, as teorias de posicionamento estratégico, a teoria dos recursos, as teorias baseadas nos processos de mercado e as teorias de competências dinâmicas. Finalmente, este artigo defende a tese de uma convergência entre estratégia empresarial e teoria organizacional como uma via de pesquisa fundamental para a evolução de ambas as disciplinas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE Estratégia empresarial, teoria organizacional, posicionamento estratégico, teoria dos recursos, competências.
Purpose This study aims to examine the competitiveness of firms operating in the emerging economy of Brazil. This study examines the current perception of Brazilian business leaders regarding the level of competitiveness in various sectors of industrial activity and the country’s business environment. Design/methodology/approach Survey data were collected in a joint study developed by Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration (EBAPE) and the Brazilian Institute of Economics (IBRE). The population surveyed was composed of businessmen, managers and directors of Brazilian manufacturing firms. This survey was created based on a similar survey conducted by the Harvard Business School, which was also aimed at identifying the reasons behind national loss of competitiveness. Findings The results of the survey point out that the worsening competitive nature of companies operating in Brazil can be primarily attributed to the deterioration of its country-specific advantages and in particular those linked to government policies, services and bureaucratic procedures, all of which bear a negative impact on the country’s business environment. Research limitations/implications Future research should explore in more depth the specific types of initiatives that these firms have and are continuing to eagerly adopt with the aim of improving their domestic competitiveness and, namely, firm-specific advantages, whether it be by contributing to the improvement of the business environment as a whole, or by improving their own operations and management systems. Practical implications The main obstacles related to competitiveness are associated with the “Brazil Cost”, namely, the tax system, infrastructure, political system, labor laws and bureaucracy that do not appear to offer much room for maneuvering in terms of reducing these barriers in the short term. Managers not addressing these important input factors of competitiveness not only divert attention away from innovation and creativity but also could lead to more serious political, social welfare and economic implications in the global marketplace. Social implications This study helps to gain a better understanding of the initiatives that could and are being used to contribute to a fruitful discussion about leading public policies and government actions geared toward upgrading Brazil’s business environment and country competitiveness as a whole. Originality/value This research contributes to the understanding of the initiatives that could and are being used to improve firm competitiveness in Brazil. These initiatives contribute to a fruitful discussion about leading public policies and government actions geared toward upgrading Brazil’s business environment and country competitiveness as a whole.
This article presents a debate regarding the concept of organizational resilience, a subject to which Cadernos EBAPE.BR dedicated a special issue. If the organization is resilient, it faces situations of rupture and risk successfully, innovating and learning during the process, as well as achieving superior levels of equilibrium and complexity, in a dynamic of continuous evolution". The more resilient the organization is, the more innovative its activity, grounded in a more substantive communication -inspired by Habermas' theories -which seeks understanding and factual knowledge. The model of post-bureaucratic organizations debates these and others issues presented in this article. Keywords:Resilience. Dynamic equilibrium. Communicative action. innovation. Organizações pós-burocráticas e resiliência organizacional: a institucionalização de formas de comunicação mais substantivas nas relações de trabalho ResumoEste artigo apresenta um debate sobre o tema resiliência organizacional, ao qual se dedica um número especial do periódico Cadernos EBAPE.BR. Se a organização consegue enfrentar situações de ruptura com êxito, inovando e aprendendo com tal dinâmica e atingindo níveis de complexidade superiores em equilíbrio, a resultante é que, mesmo enfrentando muitas rupturas, trata-se de uma organização resiliente por aprender com elas, evoluir e mostrar-se estável em processos de mudança. Observa-se a capacidade de estabelecer patamares cada vez mais complexos de estabilidade, atingindo novamente o equilíbrio em um movimento dinâmico e contínuo de evolução e aprendizado. Quanto mais resiliente for uma organização, mais inovadora será sua atividade, baseada em substantivo trabalho de comunicação, de inspiração habermasiana, que visa ao real entendimento das questões e à produção de conhecimento factual. O modelo das organizações pós-burocráticas debate essas e outras questões que apresentamos neste artigo. Palavras-chave:Resiliência. Equilíbrio dinâmico. Ação comunicativa. Inovação. Organizaciones postburocráticas y resiliencia organizacional: la institucionalización de formas de comunicación más sustantivas en las relaciones de trabajo ResumenEste artículo presenta un debate sobre el tema resiliencia organizacional, al cual se le dedica un número especial del periódico Cadernos EBAPE.BR. Si la organización logra enfrentar situaciones de ruptura con éxito, innovando y aprendiendo con dicha dinámica y alcanzando niveles de complejidad superiores en equilibrio, la resultante es que, aun enfrentando muchas rupturas, se trata de una organización resiliente por aprender con estas, evolucionar y demostrar ser estable en procesos de cambio. Se observa la capacidad de establecer niveles cada vez más complejos de estabilidad, logrando nuevamente el equilibrio en un movimiento dinámico y continuo de evolución y aprendizaje. Cuanto más resiliente sea una organización, más innovadora será su actividad, basada en un sustantivo trabajo de comunicación, de inspiración habermasiana, con vistas al real entendimiento de las cuesti...
ResumoNeste ensaio teórico apresentamos elementos da Teoria da Ação Comunicativa de Habermas e a comparamos com a abordagem do poder de Michel Crozier. Discutimos uma possível agenda de pesquisa e apresentamos os artigos selecionados para este número especial da revista. Palavras-chave:Teoria da Ação Comunicativa. Poder. Pesquisa. AbstractIn this theoretical essay, we introduce elements of Habermas' Theory of Communicative Action and compare it to Michel Crozier's approach to power. We discuss a possible research agenda and introduce the articles selected for this special issue of the journal.
ResumoEste artigo tem por objetivo relacionar o conceito de organização inovadora sustentável com o conceito de resiliência organizacional. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo no departamento de recursos humanos da EBE S.A., uma empresa brasileira de energia. Este trabalho realiza uma revisão teórica dos conceitos de visão baseada em recursos, competências essenciais, capacidades dinâmicas, modelo estratégico de gestão de pessoas, aprendizagem organizacional, resiliência organizacional, organização inovadora sustentável e, por fim, identifica quais são as práticas da gestão de pessoas da EBE S.A. que contribuem para que a empresa seja uma Organização Inovadora Sustentável Resiliente.Palavras-chave: Gestão estratégica de pessoas. Resiliência. Organização inovadora sustentável.Artigo recebido em 28 de março de 2015 e aceito para publicação em 15 de setembro de 2015.
This paper examines the relationship between the financial performance of a company's international operations and the degree of its internationalization in a sample of 73 Brazilian companies. On one hand, the results revealed that companies with a higher performance of their international operations in relation to their domestic operations are less internationalized in revenues, assets, employees, geographic dispersion of markets and value chain activities than their more internationalized counterparts. On the other hand, the analyses showed that more internationalized companies have a greater perception of experiencing the following internationalization benefits: "ability to respond quickly and appropriately to international customers," "strengthening of the competitive position," "geographic diversification and less dependence on the domestic market," "effect of demonstration in the country of origin," and "greater stability in the financial and economic results". authors Esta comunicação examina a relação entre o desempenho financeiro das operações internacionais de uma companhia e o grau da sua internacionalização numa amostra de 73 companhias brasileiras. Por um lado, os resultados revelaram que as companhias com maior desempenho nas suas operações internacionais relativamente às suas operações domésticas são menos internacionalizadas nas receitas, activos, empregados, dispersão geográfica de mercados e actividades de cadeia de valor que as suas homólogas mais internacionalizadas. Por outro lado, as análises mostraram que as companhias mais internacionalizadas têm uma maior percepção de experimentarem os seguintes benefícios da internacionalização: «capacidade para responderem rápida e apropriadamente aos clientes internacionais», «fortalecimento da posição competitiva», «diversificação geográfica e menor dependência do mercado interno», «efeito de demonstração no país de origem» e «maior estabilidade nos resultados financeiros e económicos».
PurposeIt has been argued in the international business literature that companies begin their internationalization trajectories by entering countries that are geographically and psychically closest to the country in which their home market is located before entering more distant ones. This paper aims to verify whether this assertion is correct for Brazilian companies. If it is correct, the companies would be expected to begin their international expansion in countries within the Latin America region. Not only is this region closest in geographical distance, but also it is most similar to Brazil in many other important dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is an exploratory and quantitative research undertaken with a sample of 109 national capital companies selected from the 1,000 largest Brazilian companies in 2001 net revenues.FindingsEmpirical findings indicate that countries in Latin America have been most frequently chosen by Brazilian companies for their first expansions into international markets. Nevertheless, some companies choose divergent trajectories, initially entering markets that are geographically and psychically more distant. Those companies enjoyed structural features of certain sectors (commodities or global sectors), in which the importance of psychic distance is smaller in the face of economic transactions.Research limitations/implicationsAn important limitation of this paper is the impossibility to test the hypotheses in specific countries or markets. The authors are forced to analyze the psychic distance effect among regions, with the risk of not accounting for important intra‐regional differences.Originality/valueThe data presented in this paper have clarified some patterns and trajectories of Brazilian companies in international markets.
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