Discussions regarding homosexuality within a sports context are mediated by emotional nuances, especially in the world of soccer, where practitioners are required to have attributes such as strength, masculinity and aggressiveness. As a consequence, this work aimed to analyze the symbolic representation of homosexual relationships between adolescent soccer players and their coaches; and, furthermore, to understand the intention behind homoerotic relationships that are established between members of the management team and its players. In this study, researchers used the life history methodology, with participation from three adolescent athletes, ages 14, 15 and 16, and three former athletes, ages 26, 28 and 45, who we called speakers. Based on the collection and analysis of research participants' testimonies, homosexual relations were found to have occurred between athletes and coaches, or between athletes and other members of the management team, as a part of a "social contract" that is exclusively linked to their professional objectives. These relationships appear to be purely objective; authentic affective links are absent, due apparently to the transient nature of the athletes in these groups. Too, this context is usually marked by the athlete's physical and emotional vulnerability, and the agreements he makes within this context are accompanied with moral dilemmas, because such adolescents idealize the coach as a paternal archetype.
IntroduçãoDiante dos avanços das tecnologias e das buscas incessantes por corpos perfeitos, transformados e adaptáveis, o que esperamos do nosso futuro próximo? O que poderemos esperar de nossos corpos? Seremos, no futuro imediato, apenas sofisticados e adaptáveis avatares? Ciborgs? Robôs? Matrix poderá surgir como uma hipótese viável? Teremos corpos híbridos entre o biológico e o artificial ou entre a máquina e a humanidade?Viveremos adaptados e confortáveis num mundo das máquinas inteligentes e mirabolantes? Enfim: o que esperar do corpo do homem do futuro? Se, por um lado, o destino do dualismo platônico instalado nos leva a desdenhar ou duvidar da capacitação de nosso corpo em busca de um mundo imaterial, fantasioso e perfeito, o mundo das idéias, por outro lado, na perspectiva da tecnologia e da inteligência artificial, da nanotecnologia e do ciberespaço, tanto propagado por parte de cientistas, engenheiros, filósofos e artistas da cibernética, tem como meta (ou sonho) promover o transporte de nosso espírito para uma máquina superior.Analisando assim, num exercício de futurologia seria como escanear nosso espírito para uma outra dimensão: do corpo-máquina sofisticado e preciso (ou precioso, virtuoso) e capaz de ser mais competente e funcional que nosso antigo corpo biológico. Poderemos superar todas nossas marcas e ir muito além da restrição atual de cem trilhões de sinapses no cérebro: sabemos que o raciocínio biológico é estacionário e estimado em 1026 operações por segundo. Então, essa quantidade, determinada biologicamente, não aumentará; no entanto, a inteligência não biológica cresce exponencialmente e nos fará melhor dotado desta capacitação, seremos razoavelmente mais capacitados.Também Minsky (apud Le BRETON, 2003) indica seu desprezo pelo corpo biológico ao sugerir uma data para o teletransporte do espírito ao computador. Outra fantasiosa idéia, de Stelarc, o artista plástico da Body Art, aquele que implantou uma mão robótica em seu abdomem e, com isso, quis validar seus postulados em relação à obsolescência do corpo biológico, afirma que simplesmente o corpo humano criou um ambiente de informação e tecnologia, sobre o qual mal tem o controle e não mais consegue lidar.Esse impulso vertiginoso para acumular de forma contínua e progressiva mais e mais informação estabelece uma situação na qual a capacidade do córtex humana simplesmente não consegue absorver e diagnosticar de forma criativa todos os elementos processados. Foi Motriz, Rio Claro, v.17 n.4, p.728-737, out./dez. 2011 Artigo Original O corpo, o desenvolvimento humano e as tecnologias Body human development and technologiesAbstract: The aim of this work is to study and analyze the relationships among body, technology and human development. Technological advances and human relations are going through changes in contemporary societies and these changes can be noticed in all environments. It seems that the school environment and the physical education are passing through technological changes and their teachers try to perform actions that...
Introduction: Lian Gong (LG) consists of two parts: the first part deals with the prevention and treatment of pain in the cervical region, shoulders, back, lumbar region, gluteus, and legs; and the second deals with the prevention and treatment of pain in the joints of the upper and lower limbs, tenosynovitis, and functional disorders of the organs. This study aimed to evaluate the main cardiovascular parameters in elderly hypertensive patients before and after LG exercises or walking. Methods: The study included 98 elderly hypertensive patients aged 60-75 and they were divided into two groups: Group 1 (G 1) practiced LG (n=42) and Group 2 (G 2) walking (n=56). The cardiovascular parameters Blood Pressure (Systolic and Diastolic), heart rate (HT), respiratory frequency (RF), Temperature (T) and oxygen saturation (SaO 2) were analyzed in the first and fourth week of evaluation. Results: The results showed that practice LG showed lower BP, both before and after practicing the exercise in comparison with those who practice walking exercise. At rest, the data related to HR and FR were higher in G 1 than in G 2. After the exercises, G 2 showed higher HR and RF than G 1. As for the data concerning SaO 2 , it was found that G 2 showed higher SaO 2 at rest than G 1 and these differences were statistically significant. The comparative analysis of the cardiovascular parameters before and after LG exercise or walking in the first week of evaluation showed that there was a statistically significant reduction in the parameters BP, HR and RF after LG, while SaO 2 increased significantly. In contrast, after walking there was a statistically significant reduction in BP and SaO 2 , but HR and RF increased significantly. Conclusion: LG induced a more intense hypotensive effect than walking. Thus, it is imperative that further studies be conducted to elucidate the mechanisms involved in the regulation of BP after practicing LG.
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