This descriptive study aims to evaluate the quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) treatment and to identify the daily activities that may impair their quality of life. We investigated 125 chronic kidney failure patients under hemodialysis treatment by means of the Medical Outcome Survey-Short-Form 36 (SF-36), and their daily activities, by means of semi-structured interviews. For statistical data analysis, a significance level of 5% was used. The results evidenced that these individuals' quality of life is impaired, with lower scores for physical, emotion and vitality aspects. There was a negative correlation between time spent on HD and the physical component (r= - 0.75) and between hemodialysis time and daily activities such as work, housework and practical activities. Physical and leisure activities were the most affected in the general sample as well as in the one stratified by gender.

IntroductionMetabolic syndrome (MS) is a set of cardiovascular risk factors and type 2 diabetes, responsible for a 2.5-fold increased cardiovascular mortality and a 5-fold higher risk of developing diabetes.Objectives1-to evaluate the prevalence of MS in individuals over 18 years associated with age, gender, socioeconomic status, educational levels, body mass index (BMI), HOMA index and physical activity; moreover, to compare it to other studies; 2-to compare the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP), high triglycerides and plasma glucose levels, low HDL cholesterol and high waist circumference among individuals with MS also according to gender; 3-to determine the number of risk factors in subjects with MS and prevalence of complications in individuals with and without MS aged over 40 years.MethodsA cross-sectional study of 1369 Individuals, 667 males (48.7%) and 702 females (51.3%) was considered to evaluate the prevalence of MS and associated factors in the population.ResultsThe study showed that 22.7% (95% CI: 19.4% to 26.0%) of the population has MS, which increases with age, higher BMI and sedentary lifestyle. There was no significant difference between genders until age ≥70 years and social classes. Higher prevalence of MS was observed in lower educational levels and higher prevalence of HOMA positive among individuals with MS. The most prevalent risk factors were elevated blood pressure (85%), low HDL cholesterol (83.1%) and increased waist circumference (82.5%). The prevalence of elevated BP, low HDL cholesterol and plasma glucose levels did not show significant difference between genders. Individuals with MS had higher risk of cardiovascular complications over 40 years.ConclusionThe prevalence of MS found is similar to that in developed countries, being influenced by age, body mass index, educational levels, physical activity, and leading to a higher prevalence of cardiovascular complications after the 4th decade of life.

The results of study on SAH in the city of São José do Rio Preto shows the need for early-onset continuous educational interventions.

Background: The available studies have not fully analyzed the several factors involved in the genesis of hypertension (HT), especially the association among blood pressure, urinary sodium excretion and renal dysfunction.

Objectives: Characterize the pacients with chronic renal failure (CRF) in dialythical program; verify the causes of the CRF; identify the associated diseases to CRF; measure the type of treatment and the actual access of the pacients to them. Methods: This is a epidemiological descriptive research performed in a nephrology unit, and all pacients registered in the Nefro Data program were included. RESUMENObjetivos: Caracterizar a los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica (IRC) que participan en un programa dialítico; verificar las causas de la IRC; identificar las enfermedades asociadas a la IRC; levantar el tipo de tratamiento y el acceso actual de esos pacientes. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo epidemiológico, realizado en una Unidad de Nefrología en el que fueron incluidos todos los pacientes registrados en el Programa Nefro Data. Resultados: De los 217 pacientes registrados en la Unidad en estudio, observamos que el 68,2% tenían edad superior a 40 años y el 59,4% eran del sexo masculino. En cuanto a la enfermedad de base, el 31,3% de los pacientes presentan Nefroesclerosis Hipertensiva y el 25,3% Diabetes Mellitus (DM), seguido de la Glomerulonefritis con el 24,5%. Respecto a las enfermedades asociadas, el 42,4% de los pacientes poseen Hipertensión Arterial Sistémica (HAS), el 24,9% no poseen comorbidades, el 19,8% HAS y DM. En relación al tipo de acceso vascular el 70,5% poseen fístula arteriovenosa, siendo la utilización del cateter de Tenckhoff exclusivo de la diálisis peritoneal en el 13,3%. Conclusión: los resultados permiten una mejor planificación frente a las necesidades reales de los pacientes.

ResumoIntrodução: A taxa de mortalidade hospitalar é indicador de resultados para avaliação da qualidade da assistência em unidade coronária. Objetivos: Caracterizar os pacientes submetidos à cirurgia cardíaca, identificar os tipos de cirurgia e as principais complicações nos primeiros 30 dias pós-cirurgia. Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, longitudinal, quantitativo envolvendo pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca em um hospital de ensino, de janeiro de 2003 a abril de 2012. Resultados: Foram avaliados 2.648 pacientes, 61% do sexo masculino e 39% do feminino, com idade entre 49 a 66 anos, com média de Índice de Massa Corpórea de 26. As doenças de base mais comuns foram Diabetes Mellitus e Doença Renal Crônica. Realizaram revascularização do miocárdio 1.641 pacientes (62%) e cirurgia valvar 1.007 (38%). As principais complicações pós-operatórias foram lesão renal aguda até 7º dia pós-operatório (32%), disfunção de ventrículo esquerdo moderada/grave (20%), reintubação por complicações pulmonares (11%), fibrilação atrial (8,6%) e lesão neurológica (4,3%). O tempo médio de permanência na Unidade Coronária foi de 6,8 dias e a maioria necessitou de circulação extracorpórea. Dos 22% de pacientes com história pregressa de diabetes, 25% morreram. Conclusões: A maioria submeteu-se à revascularização do miocárdio; 65% desenvolveram lesão renal aguda e 44% foram reintubados por complicações pulmonares e associação significativa com óbito. Dos 190 pacientes que morreram nos primeiros 30 dias, as complicações de maior prevalência foram afecções cardíacas, infecção hospitalar, distúrbio de coagulação, complicações neurológicas e pulmonares. Descritores:Complicações; Óbito; Pós-operatório; Cirurgia Cardíaca. Abstract Introduction: Hospital mortality rate is an indicator of outcomes to evaluate the quality of health care in a coronary care unit. Objectives: The aims of the present study are to characterize patients undergoing cardiac surgery, as well as to identify the types of surgery and its main complications in the first 30 postoperative days. Material and Methods: We carried out a retrospective longitudinal study using a quantitative approach involving patients who underwent cardiac surgery at a teaching hospital from January 2003 to April 2012. Results: We evaluated 2,648 patients, 61% males, and 39% females, with a mean age ranging from 49 to 66 years. Patients mean Body Mean Index was 26. The most common underlying diseases were diabetes mellitus and chronic renal insufficiency. We performed Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in 1,641 patients (62%) and heart valve surgery in 1,007 (38%). The main postoperative complications were acute kidney injury on the 7 th postoperative day 7 (32%), moderate to severe left ventricular dysfunction (20%), reintubation due to pulmonary complications (11%), atrial fibrillation (8.6%), and neurological lesions (4.3%). The mean length of stay in Coronary Care Unit was 6.8 days. The majority of the patients required cardiopulmonary bypass. Of the 22% of patients with a prior histo...

This study identifies the socio-demographic and clinical factors of patients with irreversible colostomy secondary to colorectal cancer and correlates them with quality of life (QOL). It is a cross-sectional study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected through interviews and the WHOQOL-bref to assess QOL. The sample comprised 60 patients. Most of the patients were male, elderly individuals, half were married and half did not have a sexual partner, with complete primary education, receiving up to two times the minimum wage, carried a stoma for three months on average, were instructed they would carry a stoma, but did not have their stoma marked prior to surgery. The average QOL score was 75.500, while the psychological, social and physical domains were the most affected. No statistically significant differences were found in QOL in relation to the following socio-demographic and clinical factors: female gender, low income, no sexual partners, and lack of instruction. The patients with an intestinal stoma presented a satisfactory QOL.

Approximately half of the participants received monotherapy. The best percentage of control with monotherapy was obtained with beta-blockers but the diuretics treatment was the most cost-effective. The levels of awareness and control were high compared with developed countries, most evident in the higher social classes and higher education levels.