Gelam (Melaleuca sp.) is a tidal swamp species that grows abundantly in South and Central Kalimantan swamp forest. Gelam is one potential species for wooden vinegar production as the technology is available and readily implemented. This paper studies the possible utilization of gelam wood species for wood vinegar. The vinegar was condensed during wood pyrolisis processes at the temperature of 500°C for 3 hours. Wood vinegar was yellow reddish in colour, transparant and no floating material. The vinegar specific gravity was 1.008 to 1.058 with the pH of 3.105 to 3.195 and acidity level varies from 5.167 to 12.903%. The carbonyl and phenol content were 11.250 to 30.390% and 2.429 to 9.231% respectively. In general, gelam wood can produce wood vinegar and its quality meet the Japanese standard requirements.

In Central Kalimantan, cajuput (Melaleuca cajuputi subsp. cumingiana) mostly can be found in the riptide swamp area. The present research was intended to determine the distribution of biomass based on the part of tree, position to the ground surface, growing stage, and allometric equation models to estimate the prospective of biomass in 2 different locations (A and B). The A and B locations were characterized by type B riptide peat swamp forest (high tide effected with peat thickness of 51-100 cm) and type C riptide peat swamp forest (tide unaffected shallow soil of < 50 cm with peat thickness of 101-200 cm), respectively. The distribution of cajuput biomass based on the part of tree, position to the ground surface, and growing stage in both locations indicated a similar pattern. Stem contained the highest biomass followed successively by that of root, branch, leave, fruit, and flower. Biomass above the ground was also higher than that of below the ground. Furthermore, biomass content of poles was the highest, followed successively by that of sapling, tree, and seedling. Allometric equation models used to estimate biomass of the A 2,35 2,42 2,41 location in the state of green, air dry, and oven dry were 0.335D , 0.143D , and 0.128D , respectively. While 2,48 2,58 2,56 those in the B location for green, air dry, and oven dry state were 0.279D , 0.127D , and 0.114D , respectively.-1 The potential of biomass in the A and B location were 144,100 and 127,212 ton ha , respectively.

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi akademik dan kelengkapan administrasi mengajar baik secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap kualitas mengajar guru di SMA Negeri Pemulutan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru SMA negeri Pemulutan yang berjumlah 104 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 83 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik simple Random Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif.Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) supervisi akademik tidak berpengaruh terhadap kualitas mengajar guru di SMA Negeri Pemulutan; (2) kelengkapan administrasi mengajar berpengaruh terhadap kualitas mengajar guru di SMA Negeri Pemulutan; dan (3) Supervisi akademik dan kelengkapan administrasi mengajar berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kualitas mengajar guru di SMA Negeri Pemulutan.  Kata Kunci : administrasi mengajar, kualitas mengajar, supervisi akademik                      AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of academic supervision and completeness of teaching administration both simultaneously and partially on the quality of teaching teachers in Pemulutan High School. The population in this study were all of Pemulutan's state high school teachers, amounting to 104 people and a total sample of 83 people. This research uses descriptive analysis method using quantitative approach. Data collection techniques by observation, questionnaires and documentation.Data analysis using t-test and F-test. The findings of this study academic supervision did not affect the quality of teaching teachers, the completeness of teaching administration affected the teaching quality of teachers. Academic supervision and completeness of teaching administration simultaneously affect the quality of teaching teachers in Pemulutan High School. The implication of this research is the academic supervision of the principal and the completeness of the teaching administration must be carried out well by the principal and teachers, so that the educational objectives can be achieved optimally. Keywords: teaching administration, teaching quality, academic supervision.

Pengembangan inovasi teknologi dalam pengukuran serapan CO2 tumbuhan, salah satunya dengan menggunakan metode sungkup (chamber) sampai saat ini metode tersebut  belum banyak digunakan oleh para peneliti sehingga diperlukan adanya penjelasan terkait gambaran metode sungkup dalam pengukuran serapan CO2, khususnya pada pertumbuhan anakan. Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ilmiah adalah memberikan gambaran secara umum terkait prosedur pengukuran serapan CO2 pada tingkat pertumbuhan anakan dengan menggunakan metode sungkup. Metode sungkup pada awalnya digunakan untuk mengukur emisi Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK) di lahan gambut, namun seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi metode ini dapat juga digunakan untuk mengukur serapan CO2 pada tumbuhan. Ukuran sungkup yang digunakan adalah 50 x 50 x 30 cm dilengkapi dengan termometer, kipas angin dan baterai kering. Pengambilan sampel gas CO2 dalam sungkup digunakan  syringe/jarum suntik berukuran 10 ml. Alat untuk menganalisis sampel gas CO2 adalah Gas Cromatography (GC). Proses pengukuran serapan CO2 dengan metode sungkup relatif cepat dan sederhana serta data yang didapatkan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi serapan CO2 berdasarkan pertambahan umur tumbuhan. Namun demikian, keterbatasan dari metode ini adalah hanya dapat digunakan untuk mengukur serapan CO2 pada tingkat pertumbuhan anakan.

ABSTRACT   Cauliflower are very useful for humans, and have high economic value, but their production in Central Kalimantan is still low because they are grown on utisol soils with low fertility. Therefore, optimal management is needed in order to produce well. This study aims to determine the response of cauliflower plants to the application of Multi KP compound fertilizer and determine the optimal dose of fertilizer for growth and yield of flower cabbage plants. Using a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, namely the application of Multi KP fertilizer with doses of 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g plants. 1 . The results showed that the dose of Multi KP fertilizer was 4 g plant-1, the best growth and yield were obtained, namely the plants were able to grow taller, the number of leaves was more, and the cauliflower weight was 320 g per plant.  

The purpose of this study was to determine the growth,  yield and the potential for carbondioxide absorption of dayak onion plants given four types of manure on peat soil. This experiment used a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replications. The treatments tried were chicken, swallow, cow, goat manure. The results showed that the type of manure had an effect on plant growth and yield. The growth of plant height and the number of leaves  dayak onion planted on peat soil given cow and goat manure grew significantly higher and more the number of leaves,  the lowest was found in dayak onion plants fed with swallow manure. The highest yield was obtained on dayak onion plants fertilized with 30 t ha-1 cow manure with a tuber weight of 41.50 g clump-1, with a larger tuber diameter, but the highest number of tubers was obtained in dayak onion plants fertilized by swallow manure with tubers diameter  smaller. The highest weight of biomass,  stored  carbon  and carbon dioxide absorption were 6.6; 3.3 and 12.11 t ha-1 found in dayak onion plants planted on peat soil given cow manure 30 t ha-1

Identifikasi jenis tumbuhan sebagai pakan lebah kelulut (Trigona spp.) di KPHP Katingan Hulu Unit XVII. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis pakan Lebah Madu Kelulut (Trigona spp.) di KPHP Katingan Hulu Unit XVII dengan metode jalur/metode river survey. Jalur pengamatan ditentukan secara Purposive sampling sebanyak 4 jalur dengan panjang per jalur = 500 m dan jumlah luas jalur secara keseluruhan yaitu 2 Ha. Adapun jumlah seluruh plot pengamatan adalah 21 plot dengan perhitungan luas 21 plot x 400 m2 = 8.400 m2/10.000 m2 = 0,84 Ha dan ukuran plot yaitu 20 m x 20 m dengan jarak antar plot yaitu 100 m. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di lapangan didapatkan 25 jenis tanaman yang menjadi pakan lebah kelulut (Trigona spp.). Terdapat 14 jenis vegetasi tingkat semai dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi ada pada jenis karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa) dengan nilai 71,94% dan yang terendah ada pada jenis belimbing waluh (Averrhoa carambola) dengan nilai 4,81%, putri malu (Mimosa pudica) dengan nilai 4,81%, aster putih (Symphyotrichum ericoides) dengan nilai 4,81% dan bayam duri (Amaranthus spinosus) dengan nilai 4,81%. Pada vegetasi tingkat pancang terdapat 4 jenis tanaman  dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi ada pada jenis mangga (Mangifera indica) dengan nilai 97,21% dan yang terendah ada pada jenis gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis) dengan nilai 19,44%. Pada vegetasi tingkat tiang terdapat 6 jenis tanaman dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi ada pada jenis akasia (Acacia mangium) dengan nilai 95,81% dan yang terendah ada pada jenis mangga (Mangifera indica) dengan nilai 20,08%. Serta terdapat 10 jenis vegetasi tingkat pohon dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi ada pada jenis akasia (Acacia mangium) dengan nilai 110,91% dan yang terendah ada pada jenis johar (Senna siamea) dengan nilai 10,18%.

Local wisdom in utilizing swamp soil and water to improve the quality of gelam wood in Central Kalimantan becomes an interesting phenomenon. Improving the quality of wood can economize on the use of wood, which in turn preserves the forests in peat swamp lands. Gelam (Melaleuca sp.) woods that are mostly found in peat swamp forests can be used as piles/stakes in swamp soil, and they are durable for decades. The general objective of this study was to provide a scientific explanation of the effect of peat swamp soil and water on improving the quality of gelam wood either in barked and barkless conditions. This study was conducted by taking gelam trees that grew in Central Kalimantan. It was carried out for 18 months, and investigated the barked/barkless woods, media (swamp water, freshwater, peat swamp soil, and sandy soil) and 3 lengths of burying times. Wood properties analyzed were physical and mechanical properties. The standard of physical-mechanical property tests referred to British Standard 373. The results showed that the interaction between bark factor (A) and media (B) affected specific gravity. Barked wood produced the highest spesific gravity in swamp water medium. Water media (swamp and fresh water) improved the wood’s specific gravity more than soil media (swamp and sandy soil). The highest values of hardness, stress on Proportional Limit, and Modulus of Elasticity were in the medium of swamp soil. The improvement of the quality of gelam woods, which were either buried or used as stakes/piles, was allegedly resulted from the swamp water infiltrating into gelam woods that thereby increased the specific gravity.