Abstract. Alrubaie I, Salim AT, Majeed MM, Radhi AJ. 2022. Synthesis of novel polymer quaternary ammonium salt derived from glucose as a phase transfer catalyst. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 25-33. Some new polymer containing quaternary ammonium salts based-carbohydrate starting from methyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-glucopyranoside have been prepared. The ammonium groups are connected to the glucose structure in various positions (2 and 3). Our synthesis used methyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-glucopyranoside through nucleophilic reagents to produce the main intermediates. The monomer glucose- quaternary ammonium salts are immobilized on the polyvinyl azide to give the final structure of the Polymer-Supported quaternary ammonium salts. In certain new kinds of phase transfer catalysts, the effectiveness of the polymer glucose-quaternary ammonium salts was tested in the Williamson etherification. The ether synthesis is a typical example of using a phase transfer catalyst. The reactions were performed in a liquid-liquid two-phase system, applying a mixture of toluene and 50% solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of a 20 mg/mmol catalyst (compound 9). Compared to other derivatives, the reaction of 4-nitrophenol with dibromoethylene gives the highest yields. On the other hand, compound 9 with the C16 chain gives high activity in the phase transfer catalyst.

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In this work, new heterocyclic compounds 1,2,3-triazoline derivatives starting from gemcitabine were synthesized. At first, gemcitabine was converted to 2-azido gemcitabine (G) through the reaction of gemcitabine with sodium azide. 1,2,3-Triazolines were prepared from the reaction of 2-azido gemcitabine with some unsaturated compounds such as malic anhydride, cinamic acid and acryl amide by click reaction. The products were identified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) technique. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of all the synthesized compounds were determined in vitro. All the tested compounds showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of IC 50 = 144.8 ± 1.74, 212.9 ± 3.4 and 345 ± 4.5 µM against the α-glucosidase enzyme when compared to the standard drug acarbose IC 50 = 824 ± 1.73 µM.

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