Oral rehabilitation by dental implants is a routine treatment in the common dental practice, and volume reconstruction in cases of advanced alveolar ridge atrophy using bone autografts has become a frequently used therapeutic procedure. The study presents a histological evaluation of autogenous mandibular bone grafts integration in surgically created maxillary bone defects. Seven domestic adult dogs, Canis Familiaris were used in the study. Work methodology was established through maxillary and mandibular morphometry, the donor region being the posterior mandibular body, and the recipient region being the lateral body of the maxilla. In the experimental study, we simulated two bilateral maxillary bone defects, which were augmented with mandibular corticocancellous bone grafts. Biological samples containing the target areas were collected 90-100 days after grafting and the subsequent preparation method of the samples for histological analysis was the standard one.The histological results showed the successful integration and the beneficial effect of corticocancellous autogenous mandibular bone grafts applied in maxillary sites.

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Alveolar ridge augmentation with autogenous bone grafts is a frequent procedure used in Implant Dentistry. This paper presents an immunohistochemical assessment of the integration of mandibular autografts, applied in maxillary bone defects. Seven adult dogs were used in the study. The work methodology was established through maxillary and mandibular morphometry. The posterior mandibular body was considered the donor region and the lateral region of the maxilla the recipient area. Bilateral maxillary bone defects were performed on the predetermined receiving sites, which were later augmented with mandibular grafts. Fragments of hard tissue from the grafted sites were harvested 90-100 days after the surgical interventions and immunohistochemically evaluated. The immunohistochemical study proved the existence of bone regeneration in the case of mandibular corticocancellous autografts applied at the maxillary level, being an efficient procedure for assessing their integration.

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This research aimed to develop an experimental animal model for the evaluation of the posterior maxillary alveolar bone and further selection of the design for a dental implant with high osseointegration potential.Ten dried skulls of common adult dogs, Canis familiaris, were used in this study. In order to achieve the experimental model, two working methods were performed: imaging morphometry and direct morphometry. The measurements were accomplished for the purposes of determining the dimensions of the buccal and palatal alveolar cortical bone in the target location, the maxillary premolar region. The width and height of available bone were also recorded. Data analysis was performed using Student's t-test (P ≤ 0.05) and the Stata MP/13 software.Comparable results were obtained by both imaging and direct morphometry methods. The experimental implant was customized from the dimensional point of view and considering the most appropriate implant design.

This study is a review of the specialised literature regarding the intraoral autogenous bone grafts used in oral implantology. 382 abstracts of scientific papers, 71 full-text scientific articles and 9 specialized books, out of which 113 included in the references, were studied. The area behind the mandibular third molar, the posterior buccal area of the mandible body and the mandibular symphysis are the most frequently used sites for intraoral block bone harvesting. The mandible should be the first choice in the intraoral donor site selection for peri-implant augmentation, if the quantity of bone that is going to be harvested is considered to be enough.

The major risk of dental implant treatment in the mandible is represented by the mandibular canal. Precise location of the mandibular canal is essential for oral rehabilitation with dental implants. The aim of this study was to analyze the topography of the mandibular canal in order to increase the long-term performance of oral rehabilitation with dental implants in „poor areas“. The topography of the mandibular canal was statistically studied on 11 human mandibles. The results obtained show similarities but also differences with data reported in other specialized references.