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Background. Breast cancer (BC) is globally the main cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Tumor biomarkers have significant role in diagnosis and predicting the prognosis and decide the specific therapy to each patient. Aim. In this study, we investigated whether omentin and NGAL levels were altered in patients with breast cancer and the relationship between these markers and their clinicopathological parameters. Subjects and Methods. This study included 120 patients with breast cancer and 30 healthy individuals served as controls. We measured the serum level of omentin and NGAL by ELISA technique. Results. Our results showed that there were statistically significant differences in serum omentin and NGAL levels between two groups. Also, in breast cancer patients, there was significant difference between omentin level, the same results with NGAL level and patient’s age, tumor size, lymph node, and metastasis. No significant relationship was found between omentin level and tumor grade, ER, PR, and HER2. The cutoff value for the prediction of breast cancer was determined at >113.2 ng/ml for omentin and >145.3 ng/ml for NGAL with a sensitivity of 91.7% and 100%, specificity of 100% and 80%, positive predictive value of 100% and 90.9%, negative predictive value of 85.7% and 100%, and accuracy of 94.4% and 93.3%, respectively. In conclusion, serum omentin and NGAL can be used as strong diagnostic markers for breast cancer.

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Background: Nephrotoxicity was reported in the initial clinical trials of contrast media. Aim of study: Our study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of ginger extract against nephrotoxicity induced by contrast agent. Material & Methods: Animals were divided into 5 groups as follow: Group1 (Control): They were not received any treatment during experiment period. Group2 (Ginger): Animals were deprived from water for 72 hours , then orally administrated with 400 mg/Kg/day of ginger extract for 72 hours. Group3 (protective): Animals were pre administrated orally with ginger extract with 400 mg/Kg for one week, then rats were deprived of water for 72 hours, then urografin was induced by a single (I.V.) at dose of 10mL per kg after that animals were orally administrated with 400 mg/Kg/day of ginger extract for 3 consecutive days. Group 4 (positive)(contrast media): Animals were induced by a single intravenous (I.V.) of urografin at dose of 10mL per kg after deprivation of water for 72 hours. Group 5(therapeutic): Animals rats were deprived of water for 72 hours, then Contrast-induced nephrotoxicity was induced (as group 4) , after that animals were post administrated with ginger extract 400 mg/Kg (for 3 days). Results: Administration contrast media caused significant elevation in serum urea, creatinine concentration, kidney tissue levels of MDA and NO. Also it caused significant increase in Cystain C , NGAL and TNFα levels. Also it significantly decreased SOD activity and GSH level. Treatment with Ginger extract restored the elevation of concentration of urea and creatinine, also oxidative stress markers in groups 3 and 5 and decreased Cystain C , NGAL and TNFα levels. Histopathological analysis confirmed that. Conclusion: ginger extract have a protective role in contrast media induced nephrotoxicity.

Background: Nephrotoxicity was reported in the initial clinical trials of cisplatin chemotherapy. Aim of study: Our study was designed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of Ginger extract promoted by cisplatin. Material & Methods: Animals were divided into7 groups as follow: Group1 (Control): Animals were injected intraperitoneal with 1ml single saline dose.Group2 (DMSO): Animals were administered orally with1 ml of 6.5% DMSO for 19 days .Group3 (cisplatin): Animals were injected intraperitoneal with cisplatin (10 mg/kg) as single dose to induce nephrotoxicity. Group 4 (Ginger only): Animals were administrated orally with 600 mg/Kg/day of ginger extract for 19 days. Group 5, 6 and7: Animals pretreated with oral dose of ginger extract (200, 400 and 600 mg /kg/day respectively) for two weeks before and 5 days after single IP cisplatin (10 mg/kg). Results: Administration cisplatin caused significant elevation in serum urea, creatinine concentration and kidney tissue levels of MDA and NO. Also caused significant increase in Caspase-3 levels, cisplatin significantly decreased level of Na. it decreased K, Mg and Ca level but statistically non-significant. Also it significantly decreased the antioxidant level of Catalase. Treatment with Ginger extract restored the levels of kidney concentration also oxidative stress markers in groups 5, 6 and 7 and also decrease Caspase-3 level. Also histopathological analysis confirmed that. Conclusion: ginger extract have a protective role in cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity.

Background: Due to the emergence of resistance to available anticancer agents, the demand for new cytotoxic agents has grown. Objective: This study aims at synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of new acrylic acid derivatives bearing quinolinone and halogenated quinolinone derivatives against three cancer cell lines. Methods: New acrylic acid derivatives bearing quinolinone and halogenated quinolinone moieties were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic activity against breast MCF-7, liver HepG2, and colon HCT-116 cancer cell lines. Conclusion: Acrylic acid derivatives bearing quinolinone and halogenated quinolinone moieties represent an important core and could be used as a lead for further development of drug compounds in order to achieve promising therapeutic results.