DBD merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang terjadi di Indonesia, khususnya Kota Semarang. Angka kejadian DBD di Kota Semarang menduduki urutan pertama di Jawa Tengah pada Tahun 2014 sejumlah 11.081 kasus. Munculnya angka tersebut dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor seperti curah hujan, suhu dan kelembaban. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara curah hujan, suhu dan kelembaban dengan jumlah kasus DBD di Kota Semarang. Penelitian deskriptif analitik secara retrospektif dengan rancangan cross sectional ini diambil dari data jumlah kasus DBD di Kota Semarang periode Januari 2006 – Desember 2015 dengan variabel terikat adalah jumlah kasus DBD dan variabel bebas adalah curah hujan, suhu dan kelembaban. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Rho Spearman dan uji regresi binary logistic. Hasil penelitian didapatkan data rata-rata curah hujan 195,400 ±165,800 mm, suhu 27,800 ±0,8000C, kelembaban 76,700 ±7,600%, jumlah kasus DBD 231,200 ±197,500 kasus. Hasil korelasi Rho Spearman antara jumlah kasus DBD dengan curah hujan r=0,438 (p=0,000); suhu udara r=-0,249 (p=0,006), dan kelembaban udara r=0,548 (p=0,000). Secara multivariat hanya kelembaban udara yang terbukti berpengaruh signifikan terhadap jumlah kasus DBD di Kota Semarang.
Keberhasilan mahasiswa dalam proses pembelajaran tampak dari prestasi belajarnya. Prestasi belajar secara tidak langsung dipengaruhi oleh gangguan perasaan seperti kecemasan yang dirasakan oleh individu. Prestasi belajar mencakup tiga aspek kemampuan yaitu kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor. Salah satu bentuk prestasi belajar yang lengkap menilai ketiga aspek tersebut adalah Objective Structural Clinical Examination (OSCE). Pada pendidikan kedokteran, OSCE dapat dilakukan secara rutin sesuai dengan tema proses pembelajaran melalui kegiatan OSCE Blok. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecemasan dalam menghadapi OSCE dengan nilai OSCE Blok mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian analitik assosiatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang tahap sarjana tahun ajaran 2018/2019 yang melaksanakan OSCE Blok. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Test Anxiety Questionnaire dari Nist dan Diehl digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kecemasan dan nilai OSCE sebagai hasil prestasi belajar mahasiswa. Hasil analisis korelasi person diperoleh hasil sign. (2- tailed) 0.645 >0.05, yang berarti tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara variabel tingkat kecemasan dan nilai OSCE mahasiswa.
Pulmonary tuberculosis is a disease that until now has a high morbidity rate, including in Indonesia. Indonesia ranks second with the highest TB burden in the world. From 2013 to 2016, the percentage of the success rate of treatment in Semarang City was 83%, where the lift was still below the target of 90% and in the health profile of the Bangetayu Primary Health Care Semarang, the cure rate was 55% and complete treatment was 34%. One of the controls in TB disease is treatment with the Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) system by monitoring medication. The existence of these efforts still cannot increase the success rate of TB treatment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scope of achievement of the success of pulmonary TB treatment in Bangetayu Primary Health Care in terms of service quality aspects. This study included descriptive observational research with a qualitative approach. Data collection in this study used interviews and observations by determining the source with the snowball sampling method, namely the head of the health care, the person in charge of the P2P program, the holder of the pulmonary TB program and laboratory officer. This research was conducted at Bangetayu Primary Health Care in November 2018 to December 2018. Assessment of service quality is seen from the aspects of input, process and 5 dimensions of service quality. The results of the study found that the quality of management services from input, process and 5 dimensions of service quality at the Bangetayu Primary Health Care were good. The conclusion of this study is that the Bangetayu Primary Health Care has implemented TB service management well, even though the achievements of TB treatment have not met the target, so that the failure to achieve success in TB treatment in Bangetayu Primary Health Care, Semarang is not caused by health service factors.Keywords : Pulmonary tuberculosis, Bangetayu Primary Health Care, service qualityCorrespondence to : lahdjiaa@yahoo.com ABSTRAKTuberculosis Paru (TB Paru) adalah penyakit yang sampai saat ini memiliki angka kesakitan yang tinggi termasuk di Indonesia. Indonesia menduduki peringkat kedua dengan nilai beban TB tertinggi di dunia. Dari tahun 2013 hingga tahun 2016, presentase angka keberhasilan pengobatan di Kota Semarang sebesar 83%, dimana angkat tersebut masih berada dibawah target sebesar 90% . Pada profil kesehatan Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang, didapatkan angka kesembuhan sebesar 55% dan pengobatan lengkap sebesar 34%. Salah satu pengendalian pada penyakit TB adalah pengobatan dengan system Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) dengan pemantauan minum obat. Adanya upaya tersebut masih belum bisa meningkatkan angka keberhasilan pengobatan TB secara optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis capaian keberhasilan pengobatan TB paru di Puskesmas Bangetayu yang ditinjau dari aspek mutu pelayanan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif observatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dan observasi dengan penentuan narasumber dengan metode snowball sampling, yaitu kepala puskesmas, penanggungjawab program P2P dan pemegang program TB paru, petugas Laboratorium. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang pada bulan November 2018 hingga Desember 2018. Penilaian mutu pelayanan dilihat dari aspek input, proses dan 5 dimensi mutu pelayanan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa mutu pelayanan manajemen dari input, proses dan 5 dimensi mutu pelayanan di Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang sudah baik. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah Puskesmas Bangetayu sudah menerapkan manajemen pelayanan TB dengan baik, meskipun capaian keberhasilan pengobatan TB belum memenuhi target, sehingga ketidakberhasilan capaian keberhasilan pengobatan TB di Puskesmas Bangetayu, Semarang tidak disebabkan oleh faktor pelayanan kesehatan.Kata Kunci : TB Paru, puskesmas bangetayu, mutu pelayananKorespondensi : lahdjiaa@yahoo.com
Ergonomics is one of the factors that can provide comfort and safety for workers who are then able to increase company productivity. Neglecting ergonomic factors can cause the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MsDs) that can damage tissues such as muscles, nerves, tendons, joints and cartilage. Based on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disease in Indonesia, obtained data show as much as 11.9% are fishermen, farmers while 31.2% are labourers, including laundry workers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age, work period and duration of work on Musculoskeletal Disorders (MsDs) in laundry workers. This study is observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This work was conducted in February to March 2019 in sub-District of Tembalang, Semarang City, Indonesia, with a total sample of 43 respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire about the characteristics of respondents and Nordic Body Map. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. There was no influence of age, work period and duration of work on Musculoskeletal Disorders (MsDs) with values of 0.531, 0.385 and 0.660 respectively; and 4) Conclusion: There is no effect of age, work period and duration of work on musculoskeletal disorders (MsDs) in laundry workers.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which was recently discovered. Coronavirus disease is now a pandemic that occurs in many countries in the world, one of which is Indonesia. One of the cities in Indonesia that has found many COVID cases is Semarang city, located in Central Java. Data on cases of COVID patients in Semarang City which are measured daily do not form a certain distribution pattern. We can build a model with a flexible statistical approach without any assumptions that must be used, namely the nonparametric regression. The nonparametric regression in this research using Local Polynomial Kernel approach. Determination of the polynomial order and optimal bandwidth in Local Polynomial Kernel Regression modeling use the GCV (Generalized Cross Validation) method. The data used this research are data on the number of COVID patients daily cases in Semarang, Indonesia. Based on the results of the application of the COVID patient daily cases in Semarang City, the optimal bandwidth value is 0.86 and the polynomial order is 4 with the minimum GCV is 3179.568 so that the model estimation results the MSE is 2922.22 and the determination coefficient is 97%. The estimation results show the highest number of Corona in the Semarang City at the beginning of July 2020. After the corona case increased in July, while the corona case in August decreased.
Background: Stunting is one of the global problems that can increase morbidity, mortality, poor development, and infections in children. Some risk factors that escalate stunting incidence are pregnant women, insufficient breastmilk, infection, and the environment.Objective: This study aims to determine the association between pregnancy history, exclusive breastfeeding, and immunisation status with stunting incidence.Methods: This observational study employed a case-control design. The independent variables were pregnancy history, exclusive breastfeeding, and immunisation status. Meanwhile, the dependent variable was stunting incidence. The study subjects were 40 respondents, consisting of 20 respondents diagnosed with stunting and 20 respondents of control.Results: This study revealed an association between a history of low birth weight (p=0.028), too early provision of complementary food in addition to breast milk (p=0.011), no antenatal care (ANC) examination (p=0.000), and exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.028). However, these factors are not significantly different from the immunisation status (p=0.548).Conclusion: This study concluded an association between pregnancy history and exclusive breastfeeding with stunting.
Smoking is one of the habits that are often done by the people of Indonesia. Smoking habits are influenced by several things, such as knowledge and attitudes. Having good knowledge will tend to avoid smoking habits, and having a positive attitude will make someone stop smoking. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge and attitudes toward smoking habits in Tugu District residents with a Low Healthy Family Index. This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional approach carried out in Tugu District with residents with a low Healthy Family Index. The samples used were 81 samples. The analysis used is the Spearman test. The results showed that 34 respondents (42%) had sufficient knowledge, 64 respondents had a negative attitude (79%), 36 respondents were heavy smokers (44.4%), and 45 respondents were moderate smokers (55.6%). The results of the relationship between knowledge and attitudes toward smoking habits are each with p values of 0.000 and 0.005. This study concludes that there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes toward smoking habits in Tugu District residents with a Low Healthy Family Index.
Rejosari was one of the residences indicated with unhealthy family index in 2018. The result of Program Indonesia Sehat (Indonesian Health Program) survey with family approach showed that the lowest indicator found at RW XIV of Rejosari was smoking with 44%. It makes smoking as the biggest trouble which should be handled. This research was aimed to find out the causing factors of smoking at RW XIV of Rejosari. This research was a descriptive study with health problem survey using questionnaire about the affecting factors based on health behavior theory by Lawrence Green which included predisposing factor, enabling factor, and reinforcing factor. The survey was conducted in February 2019 on 258 nuclear families as the sample. The finding showed that 78% residents knew about the danger of smoking, 59% fought against smoking habit, 78% found that cigarette was accessible and affordable in their area, 82% family involved with smoking habit, 61% were about health practitioners role, and 36% were environmental role to the effort to quit smoking.The most dominant factor of smoking behavior in RW XIV Rejosari of Semarang was the accessibility to cigarette around their neighborhood, and the lack of environment role in solving smoking behavior.
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