Mitigation of climate change due to CO2 emissions, the forestry sector developed a REDD+ scheme. This study was conducted to examine financial feasibility of the mangrove rehabilitation with guludan technique, so that further funding of mangrove rehabilitation can be included into REDD+ scheme. Guludan technology was developed to overcome the deep water column for mangrove rehabilitation in the former pond area. This technique has been developed for mangrove species Avicennia marina with spacing 0.25 m x 0.25 m, 0.5 m x 0.5 m, and 1 m x 1 m. Based on diameter and height growth of 36 months planted seedlings of A.marina followed logistic model. CO2 sequestration 386.34 t/ha, 131.12 t/ha, and 26.75 t/ha in 0.25 m x 0.25 m, 0.5 m x 0.5 m, and 1 m x 1 m spacing. With CO2 sequestration selling price of €20,00/t CO2 and rehabilitated land area of 10 ha, this rehabilitation action using guludan technique is not financially feasible, because the criteria for a negative NPV, Net B/C< 1, and IRR < the investment rate, which is 12%. The alternative for this is by implementing material efficiency and increasing carbon selling price as much €54.5/t CO2 for the spacing 0.25 m x 0.25 m; €122/t CO2 for the spacing 0.5 m x 0.5 m; and €580/t CO2 for the spacing 1 m x 1 m.
Climate variability potentially giving shocks to farmers household. This research aims to identify farmers household vulnerability, identify factors affecting resilience, and identify the adaptation mechanism of farmers household in facing rainfall variability. The analytical methods are descriptive analysis, Livelihood Vulnerability Index, and multiple regression. Results shows that Sidamulya is more vulnerable than Wanasari. Households has low resilience. Factors that affecting resilience are education, earning level, number of years in farming, and dummy other job. Adaptive mechanisms are shifting the planting time, replace and decrease fertilizer, replace seed, and move to another job. Keywords: Adaptation; Agriculture; Vulnerability; Livelihood; Resilience AbstrakVariabilitas iklim berpotensi memberikan guncangan bagi rumah tangga petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kerentanan, mengidentifikasi resiliensi dan faktor yang memengaruhinya, serta mengidentifikasi mekanisme adaptasi rumah tangga petani dalam menghadapi variabilitas curah hujan. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif, Livelihood Vulnerability Index, dan regresi linear berganda. Hasil menunjukkan Desa Sidamulya lebih rentan terhadap variabilitas curah hujan dibanding Desa Wanasari. Resiliensi dipengaruhi oleh tingkat pendidikan, tingkat pendapatan dari hasil panen sebelumnya, lama bertani, dan dummy pekerjaan lain. Adaptasi yang dilakukan adalah menggeser masa tanam, mengubah dan mengurangi dosis pupuk, mengubah benih, dan memiliki pekerjaan lain. Kata kunci: Adaptasi; Pertanian; Kerentanan; Mata Pencaharian; Resiliensi Kode Klasifikasi JEL: Q1; Q5; R2 PendahuluanPerubahan iklim merupakan salah satu fenomena alam yakni terjadi perubahan nilai unsur-unsur iklim, baik secara alamiah maupun yang dipercepat akibat aktivitas manusia di muka bumi ini. Sejak revolusi industri dimulai hingga sekarang, telah menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan suhu udara global (Nurdin, 2011). Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor yang rentan terhadap variabilitas iklim. Pengaruh perubahan iklim terhadap sektor pertanian bersifat multidimensional, mulai dari sumber daya, infrastruktur pertanian, sistem produksi pertanian, hingga aspek ketahanan dan kemandirian pangan, serta kesejahteraan petani dan masyarakat pada umumnya (Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian/Balitbangtan, 2011).Menurut Surmaini et al. (2010), dampak perubahan iklim yang begitu besar merupakan tantangan bagi sektor pertanian, khususnya tanaman pangan. Akibat dari curah hujan yang tinggi, maka muncul berbagai penyakit pada tanaman budidaya. Komoditas pertanian yang sensitif terhadap perubahan iklim di antaranya padi, kangkung, sawi, kentang,
Waste bank is one of community waste management scheme that is widely applied in Bogor City. The existence of waste banks can reduce waste disposed to landfill and provide economic incentives for people who save and sort their waste. In its implementation, most of waste bank in Bogor City cannot be sustainable. This condition is presumed because the management of waste bank still depends on subsidies and it's managed voluntarily by the community so that is unable to cover operational costs when there are no subsidies and people who want to participate voluntarily. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the feasibility of waste banks if managed independently without subsidies and their workforce is not voluntary. Rangga Mekar Waste Bank was made a case study because it is one of the pilot waste banks in Bogor City. The analytical method used is income analysis, R / C ratio analysis, Break Event Point (BEP) analysis. The results of the feasibility analysis show that in order to be sustainable, the waste bank must manage a minimum of 38.167,03 kg/year of inorganic waste and minimum number of customers as many as 247 households.
The range of European domination in North Maluku had been traced by the distribution of archaeological fortress. The distribution of fortress in Northern Maluku can be found in the west coast of Halmahera Island as the center in past periode of the Sultanate Jailolo. Based on the background, this paper aims to reveal the distribution of fort on the west coast of Halmahera and historical context of the distribution of the fort in the region. Through descriptive method by using historical analogies approach obtained a description of the distribution pattern of the fort and the role of regions based on the position of forts on the western coast of Halmahera. At least, there are eight locations of those fortress, such as Gamkonora, Sahu, Gofasa, Gamlamo/Jailolo, Sidangoli, Dodinga, Oba, and Payahe. The role of each points of this location has different function and, including Gamkonora and Sahu at the north and Dodinga and Oba which is located in the south serves as a surveillance area to keep Gufasa and Gamlamo fortress in the middle. Based on the distribution data can be seen the role of fortress each other Gamlamo as a center of power Jailolo, Sahu as buffer zones, as well Dodinga and Gamkonora as a fortress of frontier guards. Abstrak Rentang pendudukan bangsa Eropa di Maluku Utara telah meninggalkan jejak arkeologis berupa sebaran benteng. Salah satu wilayah sebaran benteng di Maluku Utara adalah pesisir barat Pulau Halmahera yang merupakan pusat Kesultanan Jailolo di masa lalu. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap sebaran benteng di pesisir barat Halmahera serta konteks historis sebaran benteng di wilayah tersebut. Melalui metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan analogi sejarah diperoleh gambaran pola sebaran benteng dan peran wilayah berdasarkan keletakan
Sungai Citarum adalah salah sungai terbesar di Jawa Barat dengan panjang sekitar 300 km. Salah satu potensi DAS Citarum adalah sebagai sumber air baku, irigasi pertanian dan pembangkit listrik tenaga air di tiga waduk besar (waduk Jatiluhur, Saguling dan Cirata). Kondisi Citarum saat ini masuk kategori tercemar berat, salah satu sumber pencemar berasal dari limbah industri. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Utama, Melong dan Leuwigajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran para pihak dalam pengelolaan DAS Citarum. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan kuesioner yang dipilih secara sengaja (purposive sampling). Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis analisis Stakeholder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat sejumlah pihak yang berkepentingan dan berpengaruh besar dalam keberhasilan pengelolaan DAS. Besarnya pengaruh dan kepentingan para pihak tergantung pada tugas pokok dan fungsinya. Tugas pokok dan fungsi menentukan besarnya pengaruh dan kepentingan institusi. Koordinasi diperlukan agar tidak terjadi tumpang tindih, duplikasi, dan tercapainya tujuan. Kata kunci: analisis stakeholder, para pihak, peran pengelolaan DAS
Aluminum black dross is produced by the secondary smelting process of aluminum. Aluminum black dross is classified as hazardous waste because it is reactive with water and produces substances and gases that are harmful to humans and the environment. Generally, aluminum black dross is managed by landfill method, but because it is produced in large amounts every year, the aluminum black dross needs to be utilized to reduce the impact on the environment. Aluminum black dross consists of large amounts of metal oxide and salts. The amount of metal oxide content in aluminum black dross can be used as raw material. This paper review types of processes for utilizing black dross aluminum as raw material in value-added products. aluminum black dross can be used as alumina, adsorbent, zeolite, composites, geopolymers, refractories, and fillers. By utilizing aluminum black dross waste into various products that have economic value, besides being able to protect the environment, it can also reduce environmental resource use.
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