Objective: This study aimed to analyze CD4 +and CD8 + TILs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to correlate it with histologic grade of malignancy and clinicopathologic data. Methods: The sample was composed of 43 archived specimens. Clinical features and histological grade of malignancy were obtained. The infiltrating intensity of CD4 +, CD8 positive cells were assessed by immunohistochemistry. One-way ANOVA was used to study the association between CD4 +, CD8 + and the grade of OSCC. The cut-off values of the proposed diagnostic indices were received from calculating the coordinates of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. For clinicopathologic data Independent-Samples T test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Correlation Coefficient were used clinicopathologic characteristics. Results: CD4 +and CD8 + were observed in all specimens. CD4 + were more frequent in poorly differentiated specimens (74.14) (P= 0.021<0.05). CD8 + were more frequent in well-differentiated specimens (51.18). None of these correlations were significant (P=0.454>0.05). CD4 +/ CD8 ratio was higher in low-grade specimens (180.28) (P=0.017<0.05). No differences between CD4 +, CD8 +and CD4 +/ CD8 ratio between poorly-differentiated and moderately-differentiated groups ROC P value (0.370, 0.248, 0.126) respectively. there is a difference between CD4 +, CD4 +/ CD8ratio between poorly-differentiated and well-differentiated groups ROC P value (0.022, 0.341, 0.012) Sensitivity (0.857, 0.882), specificity (0.706, 0.857) respectively. and no differences between CD8 + poorlydifferentiated and well-differentiated groups ROC P value (0.341). there is a difference between CD4 + between moderately -differentiated and well-differentiated groups ROC P value (0.038) Sensitivity (0.368), specificity (0,765). No significant correlation was obtained with clinicopathologic findings of OSCC. Conclusion: CD4 + and CD4 +/ CD8 + ratio are independent prognostic factor in OSCC.
Dentigerous cysts (DCs) are one of the most common cysts in the oral and maxillofacial region, and they are often discovered by chance in young people. The methods of treatment differ according to the size they reach, but the prognosis and results of the treatment are generally good. DCs are often associated with impacted teeth, especially mandibular third molars and maxillary canines, and they are usually discovered when they reach large sizes or get infected after they have caused great absorption and destruction of the surrounding cortical bone and displacement in adjacent teeth. This case report expresses the importance of conservative treatment of large oral cysts (by marsupialization) in the preservation of jaw bones, in a young female child of 12 years, with a DC associated with an impacted second permanent lower molar. This cyst occupied nearly half of the mandible with the danger of causing more harm to the jaw. In brief, marsupialization is a very effective method of treatment for DCs, especially those that reach very large volumes.
Background: Angiogenesis with radiotherapy is a significant focus of recent studies to confirm the importance of combined treatments, as vascular control can have a great therapeutic target. Vascular endothelial growth factor is the key mediator of angiogenesis in cancer. In addition, some studies suggest the value of CD44 as a potential early marker of angiogenesis. Objectives: Investigating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD44 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) after inducing it in hamsters then undergoing radiotherapy and comparing outcomes before and after therapy to verify changes of these markers. Materials & methods: an experimental study consisted of 18 samples of OSCC which induced in right buccal pouch of hamsters (group1) and 18 samples of OSCC which induced in the same way and were exposed to radiation therapy (group2), Biopsies were taken and fixed with formalin, paraffin waxed in conventional H&E and immunostained with monoclonal anti-VEGF and anti-CD44. Results: our findings didn’t reveal a statistically significant difference in the expression of VEGF(p =0.342) and CD44 (p=0.187) between group1 & group 2. moreover, we found tumor cells which weren’t affected and resistant to radiotherapy, also revealed positive expression of VEGF & CD44, otherwise, we noticed Pearson coefficient was a significant correlation that indicated to a moderate relation. Conclusion: cancerous cells that showed a high expression of these markers, give elevated radiosensitivity and resist the treatment. Subsequently, we assure the importance of applying anti-VEGF and/or anti-CD44 as a supportive therapy with radiation therapy.
Background: No study has investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa region. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 108 cases with histologically confirmed oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 healthy controls, who did not suffer from any dietrelated diseases. Dietary intake data were collected by a face-to-face interview, using a food frequency questionnaire. Socio-demographic and health risk behavioural information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: The factor analysis revealed three dietary patterns labeled "Western", "Traditional Syrian" and "High Protein". The results of logistic regression analyses showed that consumption of Western food in the middle and high tertiles posed a significant increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk of four and three-fold, respectively (adjusted OR = 4.05, 2.80; 95 % CI = 1.57-10.44, 1.05-7.51; P = 0.004, 0.041; respectively). In contrast, consumption of Traditional Syrian in the high tertile and High Protein in the middle and high tertiles displayed significant protective effects in relation to oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.28, 0.24, 0.10; 95 % CI = 0.10-0.80, 0.10-0.62, 0.03-0.25; P = 0.018, 0.003, <0.001; respectively). Compared to males, females were more likely to adhere to the High Protein dietary pattern. Traditional Syrian pattern's scores decreased with increasing level of education and smoking. High Protein pattern's scores decreased with age and smoking and increased with working status. Conclusions: Traditional Syrian and High Protein dietary patterns were associated with a decreased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk, whereas Western pattern was associated with an increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk.
Dentigerous cysts are the most common developmental odontogenic cyst in the jaws , they are usually asymptomatic and associated with the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth , This case report expresses the importance of conservative treatment of large oral cysts (by marsupialization) in the preservation of jaw bones.
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