Diet has not been investigated as a potential risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in the Syrian Arab Republic. In a hospital-based, unmatched case-control study 108 people with cancer and 105 controls were interviewed about dietary intake using a validated food frequency questionnaire in Arabic. Sociodemographic and health risk behavioural information were collected by a self-completed questionnaire. Adjusting for age, sex, education level, working status and tobacco smoking, the multiple regression analysis showed that low intake of vegetables (OR 3.8; 95% CI: 1.57-9.10), cereal/cereal products (OR 2.6; 95% CI: 1.12-5.99) and high-caffeine beverages (OR 3.2; 95% CI: 1.34-7.43) increased the risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, whereas a low level of fats and oils intake decreased the risk (OR 0.6; 95% CI: 0.24-1.30). These findings should be considered in national health promotion programmes in the Syrian Arab Republic.
وشواهد
Background
Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has gained acceptance over the last two decades, replacing the surgery in more than 90% of the cases, so the safety and efficacy of transcather closure of PDA have been evaluated by studying different experiences from different centers in developing countries. The aim is to report our experience with PDA transcather closure, with focus on the adverse events and complications faced during the procedure.
Results
Outcome data on PDA transcatheter closure were collected from two different tertiary centers in a multicenter registry. During the period from June 2017 till January 2021, 308 PDA closure were recorded, using device in 197 (64%) and coils in 111 (36%) patients, most of the patients were in pediatric age group from 6 months to 6 years and only 10 patients (3.2%) were adults. Most patients had isolated PDA of 92%, and 9 (2.9%) patients had residual PDAs either post-surgical or transcatheter closure. Median minimum PDA diameter was 2.8 mm (range 1–7.6 mm; IQR 1.8–3.8 mm). The procedure was successful in 293 patients (95%). Complications occurred in 15/308 patients (5%), and only 6 (2%) of them were major complications, but none was life threating. Frequent complications were device embolization (2%), hemolysis (1%), arrhythmia (1%). Younger age, low body weight and longer procedure time were associated with a high complication rate (p < 0.005). Device-related complications were more common than coil-related complications (2.5% versus 0.5%).
Conclusions
Although transcatheter closure of PDA is considered to be effective procedure with low complications rate, however, complications should be anticipated and managed properly.
Background: No study has investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in the Middle East and North Africa region. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk of oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer in Syria. Methods: A hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted on 108 cases with histologically confirmed oral, pharyngeal or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 105 healthy controls, who did not suffer from any dietrelated diseases. Dietary intake data were collected by a face-to-face interview, using a food frequency questionnaire. Socio-demographic and health risk behavioural information was collected using a self-completed questionnaire. Factor analysis and logistic and linear regression analyses were performed. The level of significance was set at 5 %. Results: The factor analysis revealed three dietary patterns labeled "Western", "Traditional Syrian" and "High Protein". The results of logistic regression analyses showed that consumption of Western food in the middle and high tertiles posed a significant increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk of four and three-fold, respectively (adjusted OR = 4.05, 2.80; 95 % CI = 1.57-10.44, 1.05-7.51; P = 0.004, 0.041; respectively). In contrast, consumption of Traditional Syrian in the high tertile and High Protein in the middle and high tertiles displayed significant protective effects in relation to oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk (adjusted OR = 0.28, 0.24, 0.10; 95 % CI = 0.10-0.80, 0.10-0.62, 0.03-0.25; P = 0.018, 0.003, <0.001; respectively). Compared to males, females were more likely to adhere to the High Protein dietary pattern. Traditional Syrian pattern's scores decreased with increasing level of education and smoking. High Protein pattern's scores decreased with age and smoking and increased with working status. Conclusions: Traditional Syrian and High Protein dietary patterns were associated with a decreased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk, whereas Western pattern was associated with an increased oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal cancer risk.
Background: Critical pulmonary stenosis has been associated with severe right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) leading to severe right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH), impaired both systolic and diastolic functions, changes in RV shape and geometry, hence further assessment by 3D echocardiography (3D Echo) is recommended. Objective: The aim of the current work was to evaluate RV (Right Ventricle) functional indices using 3D echocardiography in infants with critical pulmonary stenosis undergoing balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and to evaluate RV (Right ventricle) indices as follow up parameters in infants with critical pulmonary stenosis (PS). Patients and Methods: This prospective study included a total of 60 infants with critical pulmonary stenosis, their median age was 8.5 (range 2 -12) months referred for urgent balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty to Pediatric Cardiology
Background :
To evaluate RV functional indices using 3D echocardiography in infants with critical pulmonary stenosis undergoing balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty and to evaluate RV indices as follow up parameters in infants with critical PS.
Results:
A total of 60 patients underwent BPV with median age of 8.5 ( range 2- 12 months ). 3D echo revealed lower RV volumes ( P <0.001) , higher FAC( P< 0.001) , higher TAPSE ( P< 0.001) , higher EF ( P < 0.001), , lower basal , mid and longitudinal RV dimension ( P< 0.001) . FAC , TAPSE and RV basal and longitudinal diameter were significantly larger by 3d echo than by 2D echo (P=0.01).
Conclusions:
In patients with critical PS undergoing BPV , assessment of RV indices using 3 D echo is more reliable and effective method to assess RV volumes and function in comparison with conventional 2D echocardiography.
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