Personality traits such as neuroticism are associated with schizophrenia and schizotypy. However, studies thus far have not clarified the differential association of neuroticism with individual schizotypy dimensions and the role it plays in the expression of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. 204 nonclinically ascertained participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing neuroticism and the positive and negative schizotypy dimensions, and underwent structured interviews assessing schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology (psychotic-like experiences, negative symptoms, cluster A personality disorders and traits), mood episodes, substance abuse, and global functioning. Results indicated that neuroticism predicted positive symptoms of schizophrenia and depression, over-and-above the effects of both schizotypy dimensions. Also, neuroticism moderated the association of positive schizotypy with interview measures of psychopathology and functioning. The results of this study are consistent with other research indicating that neuroticism is etiologically relevant for schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology and that it cannot be considered solely a 'secondary effect' of spectrum disorders. Current psychological models of psychosis can accomodate the finding of neuroticism being a shared vulnerability factor for affective and psychotic disorders.

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RESUMENSon varios los autores que han señalado la importancia de variables relacionadas con la inteligencia emocional, el ambiente escolar y la autoestima del individuo. En este sentido, el presente estudio busca examinar la relación entre las variables de autoestima, clima de aula, nivel de bienestar (evaluado con la escala de ansiedad-estado), el rendimiento académico y las competencias emocionales (conciencia emocional, regulación emocional, autonomía emocional, competencia social y competencias para la vida y el bienestar) en una muestra de escolares de educación primaria. Para este fin, se evalúa a los alumnos mediante un protocolo de cuatro instrumentos autoinformados (QDE, STAIC, A-EP y CES), además de recoger las notas de las materias instrumentales. El análisis de resultados facilita la exploración de la relación entre las 1 Correspondencia: Agnés Ros Morente. Correo-e: a.ros@pip.udl.cat

Attachment theory offers a powerful theoretical framework for elucidating the developmental pathway through which childhood interpersonal trauma confers vulnerability to psychosis. In the present study, the association between attachment and schizotypy was explored in two independent non-clinical samples of Spanish (n=547) and American (n=1425) young adults. Participants completed the Relationship Questionnaire and the Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales. Following attachment theory and cognitive accounts of psychosis, it was hypothesized that preoccupied attachment would be associated with positive schizotypy, dismissing attachment with negative schizotypy, and fearful attachment with both schizotypy dimensions. Results confirmed these predictions, thus supporting the theoretical frameworks invoked. Also, the associations found in these non-clinical samples are consistent with those in clinical psychosis, supporting the continuum model of schizotypy and schizophrenia. Finally, there was cross-cultural consistency of these associations. Overall, the findings support the application of attachment theory for furthering our understanding of whether different insecure styles, characterized by different self and other representations and affect regulation strategies, play a role in the pathways to positive and negative symptoms.

Coexistence in schools inevitably carries a higher risk of conflicts among peers. This fact can be detrimental to the well-being and academic achievement of the students. In many developed countries, about 90% of the pupils in compulsory secondary education report witnessing assaults among peers. In this regard, recognizing, controlling and managing emotions is key to ensure a healthy and effective interaction with others. Negative emotions, such as anger, can trigger conflicts or even episodes of violence if not regulated properly. Interactive tools, such as specialized software’s, have shown high rates of efficacy for the training of different kinds of competences like the regulation of emotions. The aim of the present work is to describe the Happy Emotional Education Program and its effects over a sample of secondary school students. This software focuses in the training of emotional competences of the students with the objective of solving conflicts in a more assertive way. The design employed in the present work was a quasiexperimental design with pretest and posttest with a control group. Results show that Happy Emotional Education Program contributes to the management of emotions and the absence of negative affect or anxiety in a significant way. Additionally, the constant use of this interactive tool enhances motivation and the learning process of students. Results also indicate the importance of assessing the effects of the program in the long term. This would enable researchers to further assess the effects of the program over those emotional competences that are more resistant to change given its stable nature.

Introducción. La convivencia en los centros educativos conlleva inevitablemente conflictos interpersonales entre iguales, lo cual puede incidir negativamente en el bienestar y en el rendimiento de los alumnos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es presentar y describir la evaluación del Programa de Educación Emocional gamificado Happy 8-12. Este videojuego está enfocado a la educación de las competencias emocionales de los alumnos con el fin de poder resolver conflictos de manera más asertiva. El programa consta de 25 conflictos que los alumnos deben resolver siguiendo el proceso de regulación emocional basado en el marco teórico del Grupo de Investigación en Orientación Psicopedagógica (GROP).Método. La muestra del estudio está constituida por 574 alumnos de 5º y 6º curso de educación primaria. 301 de ellos eran niños (52.4%) y 273 eran niñas (47.6%). La media de edad fue de 10.53, con una desviación estándar de .662. Se ha seguido un diseño cuasi experimental pretest y postest con grupo control. Los instrumentos y técnicas utilizados han sido: QDE_9-13, STAIC, CESC; cuestionario de clima de patio, registro anecdótico de conductas conflictivas y rendimiento académico.Resultados. Los resultados indican que Happy 8-12 mejora de manera significativa las competencias emocionales, disminuye los niveles de ansiedad, mejora el clima social de aula y el clima de patio, reduciendo el número de conflictos entre iguales y aumentando sensiblemente el rendimiento académico.Discusión y conclusión. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran que educar la gestión de las emociones mejora el bienestar de los alumnos y actúa como estrategia de prevención de conductas disruptivas graves, incluido el acoso escolar, beneficiando en gran medida la convivencia de los centros educativos.

Latest studies point out the importance of emotional competencies in young people’s education. Music is closely linked to people’s personal development and the evidence suggests that there are differences in young people who participate in group music-making activities and young people who do not. In the present study we analysed the socioemotional profile of sample of Spanish adolescent musicians who sang in choirs or played in bands. A total of 660 adolescent musicians and 655 non-musicians participated in the study, which evaluated emotional competencies, life satisfaction, motivation to study and capacity of leadership. At the same time, an ad hoc questionnaire was also administered to the musicians to obtain their academic musical profile. The results of the study show statistically significant differences between musicians and non-musicians in all measured variables, and suggest that, in line with previous research, belonging to a musical ensemble, such as choirs and bands, is related with the development of many skills as well as self-perception. Furthermore, it promotes the development of socioemotional competencies, motivation and leadership.

Título: Un examen de la relación entre Inteligencia Emocional, Afecto Positivo y Fortalezas y Virtudes de Carácter Resumen: El objetivo del presente estudio fue el de analizar la relación entre la Inteligencia Emocional, el Afecto Positivo y las fortalezas y virtudes descritas en el VIA. Se exploró si la Inteligencia Emocional predecía los niveles de los participantes en las virtudes, además de si el Afecto Positivo constituía un posible mediador. Para ello se utilizaron distintas medidas: 419 estudiantes completaron el Trait Meta-Mood Scale para la Inteligencia Emocional (TMMS, Fernández-Berrocal, Extremera & Ramos, 2004). Las fortalezas y virtudes fueron evaluadas con el Values in Action Inventory of Strengths (VIA-IS; Peterson, Park, & Seligman, 2005), y el Afecto Positivo fue evaluado con el Positive (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) Schedule (PANAS; Sandín et al., 1999). Nuestros resultados mostraron una correlación positiva y significativa entre todas las fortalezas y virtudes del VIA con las escalas del TMMS Claridad Emocional y Reparación Emocional. Atención Emocional obtuvo correlaciones significativas para todas las virtudes exceptuando Templanza. Análisis posteriores demostraron que las escalas del TMMS predecían las virtudes del VIA, al mismo tiempo que el Afecto Positivo mostraba un posible rol mediador en la predicción de Templanza y Humanidad. Estos resultados respaldan la relación existente entre Inteligencia Emocional y carácter, así como la importancia del Afecto Positivo en dicha relación.