Indonesian State as an agricultural country gives a birth of cultural diversities and similarities that originated from its civilization. This phenomenon is interesting because each ethnic has its own characteristics, including housing and its settlements which are built in mutual cooperation using its local materials. Researchers will observe the ritual-based of Bugis traditional house construction process. The purpose of this study was to find and recognize the reconstruction process and rituals when building Bugis traditional house. This research is conducted explorative and it is descriptive, that is narrating the building house process that has ritual requirements with conventional construction stages and intelligent reasoning imbued by the values of local wisdom. Samples are selected incidentally; panrita bola and panre bola are informants. This exploration illustrates that each construction stage is processed by ritual, which means as a hope for life that is sufficient, happy and healthy with family, and avoids disasters or catastrophes that may occur. ABSTRAKNegara Indonesia sebagai negara agraris melahirkan keberagaman dan keseragaman budaya yang bersumber dari peradaban masyarakatnya. Fenomena ini menarik karena setiap etnik memiliki karakteristik tersendiri, termasuk perumahan dan pemukimannya yang dibangun secara gotong-royong dengan menggunakan bahanbahan lokal setempat. Peneliti akan mengamati proses konstruksi rumah tradisional Bugis berbasis ritual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan dan mengenali proses rekonstruksi dan tata ritual sewaktu membangun atau mendirikan rumah tradisional Bugis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara eksploratif dan bersifat deskriptif, yaitu menarasikan prosesi mendirikan bangunan yang syarat ritual dengan tahapan-tahapan konstruksi yang konvensional dan nalar cerdas yang dijiwai oleh nilai-nilai kearifan lokal. Sampel dipilih secara insidental, panrita bola dan panre bola adalah narasumber. Eksplorasi ini menggambarkan bahwa setiap tahapan konstruksi disertai tata ritual, yang bermakna sebagai pengharapan hidup yang berkecukupan, bahagia dan sehat bersama keluarga, dan terhindar dari bencana atau malapetaka yang mungkin terjadi.
Abstract. In general, traditional buildings in South Sulawesi Province are built based on the hopes for better future. Therefore, the house is considered as the manifestation of the natural universe (macrocosms). House and settlements are ones of the highest cultural heritage works, in Buginese communities. The value of sacredness and robustness raises the meaning of sulapa eppa philosophy, which is considered as the philosophy to realize Buginese traditional house. The purpose of this study is to discover the philosophy of sulapa eppa that underlines the formation of Buginese traditional architecture. The elements of the house present a philosophical meaning. Panrita bola serves as the informants of sulapa eppa philosophy. This research is qualitative, descriptive and explorative methods as well as naturalistic paradigm approach. The population is traditional Buginese buildings, and the samples arepost habitation, or temporarily built Buginese traditional buildings. The sampling techniques are sampling proposed and sampling incidentally. Research location is in Soppeng regency, South Sulawesi Province. The results of this study are sulapa eppa as the basic of Buginese formation traditional architecture, either physical or nonphysical. Physically, the formations of architecture are in the form, size of proportion, and building elements. And non-physically, it also can be obtained from Panrita bola, and Lontara Bugis manuscripts.
Danau Tempe merupakan danau tertua dan terluas di jazirah Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan, menggenangi tiga kabupaten kota yaitu, Kabupaten Wajo, Soppeng, dan Sidrap. Keberadaan Danau Tempe memberi pengaruh terhadap pola mata pencaharian dan pola bermukim bagi masyarakat sekitarnya. Mereka hidup bertani (pallaon ruma) dan nelayan (pakkaja), menempati kawasan permukiman di Kampung Salo Mate, Kelurahan Limpomajang Kecamatan Marioriawa Kabupaten Soppeng. Sebagian masyarakat nelayan ini hidup bermukim di atas permukaan air Danau Tempe, dan menempati “rumah berpanggung terapung” (RBT). Rumahnya bentuk panggung dan berdiri di atas rakit (rai), dihuni sekitar tahun 2000-an. Bermukim secara terapung di Danau Tempe menimbulkan fleksibilitas ruang gerak secara makro dan mikro yang mengisyaratkan suasana kemaritiman. Persoalan rumah terapung adalah, bergerak kesana-kemari, bebas orientasi, berubah-ubah kapling, berpindah dengan bantuan tenaga perahu bermotor, rakit berfungsi pelampung berbahan bambu sewaktu-waktu akan diganti. Tujuan keberadaan hunian RBT bagi masyarakat nelayan adalah untuk memudahkan, mencari ikan sampai ke tengah Danau Tempe.
Now-a-days the industrial revolution is taking place in Bangladesh like the other developing countries. The number of industries is increasing resulting the increased number of migrant people as workers. This large amount of people demands housing. To meet this demand, the land owners are constructing houses without considering the quality. This study tends to explore the existing housing condition of garment workers in a sub-city Savar, near Dhaka. All the information about the garments workers were collected by observation, questionnaire survey and personal interview method. The aspects that mainly considered in this study were type and material of house, size of room and occupancy, related facilities and services such as water supply, electricity, drainage, solid waste management and so on. It was found that the garment workers usually rent a single room in a group housing whatever the family size is. In a group housing a minimum of 5 and maximum 35 family lived. They shared the kitchen, toilet and bathroom. A considerable number of workers (about 40%) were still use wood in the kitchen. Corrugated Iron sheet was the main housing material as well as brick, concrete, bamboo and mud were used. The workers living in the study area faced the problems of frequent load shedding, lack of proper drainage system and absence of solid waste management system. In fact, the garment workers are rural migrants and inexperienced in urban life. They are not concerned about the facilities they should get with housing.
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