Zingiber officinale Roscoe, popular name ginger, is grown naturally in many parts of the world, including Brazil. Ginger is used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food and beverage industries and the essential oil has been used in folk medicine for manifold conditions including as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil (GEO) in an in vitro chemotaxis assay and on leukocyte-endothelial interactions in vivo. GEO was analyzed by GC-MS and the main components identified were ar-curcumene (59%), β-myrcene (14%), 1,8-cineol (8%), citral (7.5%), and zingiberene (7.5%). Oral administration of GEO (200-500 mg/kg) reduced the rolling and leukocyte adherence after 2 h of carrageenan injection (100 μg) into the scrotal chamber. The number of leukocytes migrated to the perivascular tissue 4 h after the irritant stimulus was also diminished. GEO in all doses tested (10(-4), 10(-3), or 10(-2) μL/mL) caused a significant reduction of leukocyte chemotaxis (35.89 ± 4.33, 30.67 ± 0.70, and 35.85 ± 3.83%, respectively) toward casein stimuli. The data presented showed direct and systemic effects of GEO on leukocyte migration as an important mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of ginger.

Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Lamiaceae), popularly known as rosemary, is used for food flavoring and in folk medicine as an antispasmodic, analgesic, antirheumatic, diuretic, and antiepileptic agent. Few studies have shown the anti-inflammatory effects of rosemary essential oil (REO). This study evaluated the effects of REO on leukocyte migration through in vivo leukocyte migration and in vitro chemotaxis assay. REO was analyzed by using gas chromatography-mass spectometry, and the main components identified were camphor (27.59%), 1,8-cineole (15.74%), α-pinene (16.58%), and β-myrcene (10.02%). In rats, administration of REO reduced the number of leukocytes that rolled, adhered, and migrated to the scrotal chamber after carrageenan injection. All doses of REO tested significantly inhibited leukocyte chemotaxis induced by casein. The effects of REO on leukocyte migration highlight an important mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of rosemary.

Chlorpheniramine maleate (CLOR) enantiomers were quantified by ultraviolet spectroscopy and partial least squares regression. The CLOR enantiomers were prepared as inclusion complexes with beta-cyclodextrin and 1-butanol with mole fractions in the range from 50 to 100%. For the multivariate calibration the outliers were detected and excluded and variable selection was performed by interval partial least squares and a genetic algorithm. Figures of merit showed results for accuracy of 3.63 and 2.83% (S)-CLOR for root mean square errors of calibration and prediction, respectively. The ellipse confidence region included the point for the intercept and the slope of 1 and 0, respectively. Precision and analytical sensitivity were 0.57 and 0.50% (S)-CLOR, respectively. The sensitivity, selectivity, adjustment, and signal-to-noise ratio were also determined. The model was validated by a paired t test with the results obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography proposed by the European pharmacopoeia and circular dichroism spectroscopy. The results showed there was no significant difference between the methods at the 95% confidence level, indicating that the proposed method can be used as an alternative to standard procedures for chiral analysis.

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The determination of ibuprofen (IBU) enantiomers by chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic is described. The methodology is based on chiral recognition of ibuprofen by a chiral column based on cellulose tris(4-methylbenzoate) coated on silica gel (Chiralcel OJ-H). The mobile phase is n-hexane-2-propanol-trifluoroacetic acid (98:2:0.1, v/v/v). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min, and UV detection was 254 nm. The samples of ibuprofen were prepared in n-hexane in the concentration range 50-100% of (S)-IBU 1 x 10(-3) mol/L. Calibration and validation method were performed with six and nine samples, respectively. Goodness-of-fit measures represented by correlation coefficient, y-intercept, and slope of the regression line were 0.9836, 21373, 2162, respectively. Average of the relative error of the proposed method was 3.0%, 0.9% (S)-IBU selectivity, and 2162% (S)-IBU-1 sensitivity. The minimum concentration difference between two samples that could be determined in the linear dynamic range was 0.4% (S)-IBU. Limits of detection and quantification were 8.1 and 27.0% (S)-IBU, respectively. These results indicate that the proposed method can be employed for determination of the enantiomeric composition of IBU.

RESUMO:Coriandrum sativum L. (Umbelliferae), conhecido popularmente por coentro, é uma planta doméstica cultivada nas diversas partes do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. As folhas e frutos do coentro são utilizados como condimento em culinária e na medicina popular como analgésica, antirreumática, carminativa e colagoga. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tratamento com o óleo essencial (OEC) e o extrato hidroalcóolico (EHC) do coentro em modelos experimentais de inflamação em roedores. A atividade antiinflamatória do coentro foi avaliada por meio dos testes de pleurisia em ratos e formação do edema de orelha em camundongos. A pleurisia foi induzida pela carragenina em animais tratados ou não com EHC. O edema de orelha induzido pela aplicação tópica de óleo de cróton e a atividade da mieloperoxidase foi avaliada em camundongos tratados ou não com OEC ou EHC. No teste da pleurisia o tratamento com EHC promoveu significativa diminuição no edema pleural, mas não sobre a migração leucocitária. Além disso, diferentemente ao observado com o tratamento com OEC, o uso tópico de EHC diminui significativamente o edema de orelha e a migração celular induzidos pela aplicação do óleo de cróton. Os dados indicam que EHC apresenta atividade antiinflamatória quando administrado pelas via oral e tópica, enquanto que OEC não apresenta atividade antiinflamatória tópica. Palavras-chave:Coriandrum sativum L., inflamação, pleurisia, edema de orelha, plantas medicinais ABSTRACT: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) in rodents. Commonly known as coriander, Coriandrum sativum L. (Umbelliferae) is a home plant grown in several parts of the world, including Brazil. Its leaves and fruits have been used as condiment in cooking and in folk medicine as analgesic, antirheumatic, carminative and cholagogue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oil (EO) and hydroalcoholic extract (HE) from coriander on experimental inflammation models in rodents. Coriander anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by pleurisy tests in rats and ear edema formation in mice. Pleurisy was induced by carrageenan in HE-treated or non-treated animals. The ear edema was induced by topical application of croton oil and the myeloperoxidase activity was evaluated in EO-treated and HE-treated or non-treated mice. In the pleurisy test, HE treatment significantly decreased pleural edema but not the leukocyte migration. Furthermore, differently from EO, the topical use of HE significantly decreased ear edema and cell migration induced by croton oil application. The results indicate that HE had anti-inflammatory activity when orally and topically administered, whereas EO did not present topical anti-inflammatory activity.

(6) e (+)-mentol (7)} sobre o crescimento micelial e germinação de conídios de Corynespora cassiicola. A partir da análise das estruturas moleculares dos monoterpenos 1-7 e seus efeitos nos testes avaliados, observou-se a seguinte sequência de atividade: fenóis > alcoóis > cetonas > hidrocarbonetos. Entre os monoterpenos avaliados, o timol (1), carvacrol (2), (-)-mentol (6) e (+)-mentol (7) foram eficientes no controle in vitro de C. cassiicola, contudo estudos complementares a campo são necessários para avaliar o potencial de uso desses compostos. PALAVRAS-CHAVE

The scientific environment is characterized by demands of productivity, fact that leads to discussions and debates about the quality of the produced works. The ethical conditions for the elaboration of scientific articles, such as that involving the real participation of the authors in the productions, have demanded the establishment of precise and clear criteria. In this sense, this study sought to identify and analyze authorship criteria in Qualis Capes A1, A2, and B1 journals in the area of Education, which have in their scope Science Education or Science Teaching, in order to identify the existence of guidelines to the possible authors. From this study, the objective was to discuss authorship criteria to improve the quality and reliability of scientific productions. For this, 44 journals were selected to analyze information about the authorship criteria. It was observed that the ORCID registration requirement for researchers is present in four journals; whereas guidelines on plagiarism are present in 11 journals; whereas only three journals require specific titling of the authors; and 18 journals refer to the authors' contribution criteria in scientific work. These data indicate that most of the journals evaluated present insufficient information to the authors, showing little concern with this part of the article production process. With the above, it is clear that research with journals should continue to be developed, seeking the criteria established by journals to ensure the fairness of the indication of authorship, as these contribute to the quality, ethics and dissemination of research by journals.