Several sesquiterpene lactone were synthesized and their inhibitive activities on phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) from Bothrops jararacussu venom were evaluated. Compounds Lac01 and Lac02 were efficient against PLA(2) edema-inducing, enzymatic and myotoxic activities and it reduces around 85% of myotoxicity and around 70% of edema-inducing activity. Lac05-Lac08 presented lower efficiency in inhibiting the biological activities studied and reduce the myotoxic and edema-inducing activities around only 15%. The enzymatic activity was significantly reduced. The values of inhibition constants (K(I)) for Lac01 and Lac02 were approximately 740 μM, and for compounds Lac05-Lac08 the inhibition constants were approximately 7.622-9.240 μM. The enzymatic kinetic studies show that the sesquiterpene lactones inhibit PLA(2) in a non-competitive manner. Some aspects of the structure-activity relationships (topologic, molecular and electronic parameters) were obtained using ab initio quantum calculations and analyzed by chemometric methods (HCA and PCA). The quantum chemistry calculations show that compounds with a higher capacity of inhibiting PLA(2) (Lac01-Lac04) present lower values of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy and molecular volume (VOL) and bigger values of hydrophobicity (LogP). These results indicate some topologic aspects of the binding site of sesquiterpene lactone derivatives and PLA(2).

This work presents densities, viscosities, interfacial tensions, and liquid−liquid equilibrium data for systems of interest in vegetable oil refining and biodiesel production, composed of soybean oil + commercial cis,cis-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid (linoleic acid) + ethanol + water at 298.2 K with water mass fractions in the alcohol solvent (ethanol + water) of 0.05, 0.08, 0.11, and 0.14. Experimental phase compositions at equilibrium were correlated using the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model. For all systems, the global deviations between calculated and experimental phase compositions were no greater than 0.0005. All physical properties were evaluated by empirical correlations as functions of phase compositions. The absolute relative deviations between calculated and experimental data were no greater than 6.36 %. Water content in the solvent presented a considerable effect on the physical properties of the systems and phase compositions at equilibrium, even more so on its interfacial tensions.

ResumoA disponibilidade de água em volumes expressivos e em qualidade incomparável são requisitos básicos para a operação e pleno funcionamento de unidades de hemodiálise. O presente trabalho avaliou a qualidade microbiológica em diferentes pontos de um sistema inovador de tratamento de água destinada a hemodiálise e que prioriza seu reuso, refletindo em importantes ganhos sob o ponto de vista ambiental assim como na racionalização de gastos em um Hospital filantrópico do interior de Minas Gerais. Os resultados confirmam excelência na qualidade microbiológica da água destinada a diálise atendendo aos requisitos e valores máximos permitidos estabelecidos pela legislação específica vigente (Portaria MS 2914/11 e RDC 11/2014).Palavras-chave: HEMODIÁLISE; SUSTENTABILIDADE, ÁGUA. MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN INNOVATIVE AND SUSTAINABLE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM DESTINED TO HEMODIALYSIS AbstractThe availability of large volumes of water in unparalleled quality are basics requirements for operation full of hemodialysis units. The present study assessed the microbiological quality in different points of an innovative system water treatment to hemodialysis that prioritizes your reuse with reflects in important gains under the environmental viewpoint as well as the rationalization of spending in a Hospital philanthropic of Minas Gerais state. The results

Background: Numerous causes of infection in arthroplasties are related to biofilm formation on implant surfaces. In order to circumvent this problem, new alternatives to prevent bacterial adhesion biosurfactants-based are emerging due to low toxicity, biodegradability and antimicrobial activity of several biosurfactants. We revised all patents relating to biosurfactants of applicability in orthopedic implants. Methods: This work aims to evaluate the capability of a lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659 isolates acting as inhibitors of the adhesion of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 onto titanium and stainless steel surfaces and its antimicrobial activity. Results: The adhesion of the strains to the stainless-steel surface was higher than that of titanium. Preconditioning of titanium and stainless-steel surfaces with 10 mg mL-1 lipopeptide reduced the adhesion of E. coli by up to 93% and the adhesion of S. aureus by up to 99.9%, suggesting the strong potential of lipopeptides in the control of orthopedic infections. The minimal inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration were 10 and 240 µg mL-1 for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. Conclusion: The lipopeptide produced by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 19659 presented high biotechnological application in human health against orthopedic implants infections.

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This is the first step towards infection development. The bacteria, once adhered to the implant, can initiate a process involving several stages culminating in the formation of biofilm, and initially the surface is conditioned by molecules present in the medium that adsorb to the material, modifying its properties, and then the adhesion of the microorganisms on this surface which, once formed, are difficult to treat since bacteria inside the biofilm are protected

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Background: Biosurfactants are natural bioactive compounds produced from fungi, bacteria and plants. These molecules have several properties that enable them to be involved in various industrial applications. The surface-active properties of biosurfactants allow their use in various sectors, such as agriculture, health, cosmetics, bioremediation/petroleum, mining, and bioprocess. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the patents deposited in intellectual property databases for applications of biosurfactants in the areas of agriculture, health, cosmetics, bioremediation/petroleum, mining, and bioprocesses, with the research period consisting of the last six years. Method: This study targeted the use of biosurfactants in various industrial sectors. The patent search was carried out using the Google Patents platform, a platform that is commonly used for this purpose and freely accessible. Results: During the search for patents related to applications of biosurfactants in industry filed in the last 6 years, results were found to be distributed in the following areas: agriculture (70), cosmetics (2311), bioremediation/petroleum (179), health (1794), mining (5), and bioprocess (133). Six patents were selected from each area, except for health and mining, for which the search resulted in only 5 and 4 patents, respectively, to be discussed and provide information on the biotechnological applications of biosurfactants in the industry. Conclusion: The present study showed a wide area of application of biosurfactants in industry. The interest in the inclusion of biosurfactants in the industry is directly related to the need for more sustainable solutions to solve real market problems. The cosmetics sector presented the most patents that employ the use of biosurfactants.