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Fluoride varnish showed the greatest remineralization potential of artificial carious lesions followed by CPP-ACP Paste and fTCP Paste respectively.

Purpose:The aim of the study was to estimate the salivary levels of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces and to correlate it with dental caries experience in mixed and permanent dentition.Materials and Methods:The sample size comprised 110 subjects. The decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index of all the individuals participating in the study was calculated. Saliva samples were collected from patients and samples were inoculated on specific culture media and incubated for a period of 48 h. Based on colony characteristics, S. mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces were identified.Results:A positive correlation exists between DMFT and S. mutans, Lactobacilli and Actinomyces in mixed dentition and permanent dentition group samples (P < 0.001).Conclusion:The conclusion from the results obtained was that S. Mutans, lactobacilli and Actinomyces which are the components of the normal microbial flora of the oral cavity play an important role in the pathogenesis of dental caries and increased number of microorganisms is associated with an increased caries frequency.

Modern-day dentistry has shifted its focus from Black's "extension for prevention" to prevention of extension, however, the current ideology of dentistry stresses on management of noncavitated carious lesions noninvasively through remineralization in an attempt to prevent disease progression, and to improve strength, esthetics, and function of teeth. The oral cavity is an arena involving constant fight between remineralizing and demineralizing factors. This relationship determines the integrity and strength of the tooth structure. The lopsidedness leads to rapid demineralization and decomposition of the tooth structure. In recent past an irrefragable explosion of fervor in technologies for remineralization of enamel and dentin or desensitization of exposed dentin affected by dental erosion has taken place. Remineralization is an innate repair process of reinstating ions back in the hydroxyapatite's lattice structure. The fundamental aspect is the use of remineralizing agents to tooth structure to control the demineralization/ remineralization activity. The present review draws attention to the current components available for remineralization therapy and its application in clinical practice.