Background:In the present times, arsenic poisoning contamination in the ground water has caused lots of health-related problems in the village population residing in middle Gangetic plain. In Bihar, about 16 districts have been reported to be affected with arsenic poisoning. For the ground water and health assessment, Simri village of Buxar district was undertaken which is a flood plain region of river Ganga.Methods:In this study, 322 water samples were collected for arsenic estimation, and their results were analyzed. Furthermore, the correlation between arsenic contamination in ground water with depth and its distance from river Ganga were analyzed. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation and total variation present in a set of data was analyzed through one-way analysis of variance. The difference among mean values has been analyzed by applying Dunnett's test. The criterion for statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.Results:This study shows novel findings ever done in this area. Halwa Patti and Doodhi Patti strips were the most affected strips with high-arsenic concentration in hand pumps. Furthermore, a correlation between the arsenic concentration with the depth of the hand pumps and the distance from the river Ganga was also a significant study.Conclusions:The present study concludes that in Simri village there is high contamination of arsenic in ground water in all the strips. Such a huge population is at very high risk leading the village on the verge of causing health hazards among them. Therefore, an immediate strategy is required to combat the present problem.
Gelatinous bone marrow transformation (GTBM) also known as serous atrophy is a degenerative change in the hematopoietic bone marrow and is a rare well recognized pathological entity. It was earlier described mainly in association with anorexia nervosa and psychiatric eating disorders, but recently it has been reported in ulcerative colitis, tuberculosis, chronic renal diseases, immuno suppressed states (mainly HIV infection), malignancies and Kala azar. Treatment is based on treating the underlying disease. Our objective was to study the epidemiology and pathogenesis of diseases causing gelatinous transformation of bone marrow, at a tertiary center level. A prospective study was conducted on 732 samples of bone marrow aspirate with the aim of identifying gelatinous transformation in bone marrow aspirates which was confirmed by Alcian blue stain at pH 2.5. The presence of this material was correlated with the hematological profile of the patient, the presenting signs and symptoms and provisional clinical diagnosis at initial visit. Incidence of gelatinous transformation was calculated to be nearly 4.8 % and the condition was more common in males (23) as compared to females (12) (Male:Female = 2:1). Forty percent of the cases were seen in children followed by 37 % in adolescents and young adults. The older individuals comprised only 23 % of the cases. The bone marrow was hypocellular in 21 (60 %), normocellular in 10 (28.5 %) and hypercellular in four cases (11.5 %). Five cases with GTBM progressed to aplastic anaemia of which three were in children.
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