Verbal bullying can cause depression in high school adolescents in Yogyakarta cityPurposeThis study aimed to determine the differences in the incidence of depression in high school adolescents who received bullying and who did not received bullying in Yogyakarta city.MethodThis study used a cross-sectional design involving 210 high school adolescents in Yogyakarta city. The independent variable was bullying and dependent variable was depression. Data analysis included univariable, and bivariable analysis using Chi-square tests and multivariable analysis with logistic regression tests.ResultsThe types of bullying most experienced by adolescents was verbal bullying by 47.3%, physical bullying by 29.8%, social bullying by 20.2% and cyber bullying by 2.7%. The bivariable analysis showed a significant correlation between bullying and depression. Bivariable analysis showed a significant correlation between the victims of bullying with depression. Adolescents who received bullying had 1.5 times greater potential to become depressed than adolescents who did not receive bullying.ConclusionThe incidence of depression in high school adolescents who received bullying was higher than adolescents who did not receive bullying.
Background: Neurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection represent a clinical challenge because they encompass a broad neurological spectrum and may occur before the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Methods: In this monocentric retrospective case series, medical records from patients with acute neurological disorders associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection from medicine departments of an academic center in Paris area were collected between March 15th and May 15th 2020. Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was ascertained through specific RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs or based on circulating serum IgG antibodies.
Results: Twenty-six patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection presented with neurological disorders: encephalitis (N=8), encephalopathy (N=6), cerebrovascular events (ischemic strokes N=4 and vein thromboses N=2), other central nervous system (CNS) disorders (N=4), and Guillain-Barré syndrome (N=2). The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was delayed on average 1.6 days after the onset of neurological disorder, especially in case of encephalitis 3.9 days, encephalopathy 1.0 day, and cerebrovascular event 2.7 days.
Conclusions: Our study confirms that COVID-19 can yield a broad spectrum of neurological disorders. Because neurological presentations of COVID-19 often occur a few days before the diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 infection, clinicians should take preventive measures such as patient isolation and masks for any new admission to avoid nosocomial infections. Anti-SARS-CoV2 antibody detection in RT-PCR SARS CoV-2 negative suspected cases is useful to confirm a posteriori the diagnosis of atypical COVID-19 presentations.
The AbsA1-AbsA2 two component signalling system of
Streptomyces coelicolor
has long been known to exert a powerful negative influence on the production of the antibiotics actinorhodin, undecylprodiginine and the Calcium-Dependent Antibiotic (CDA). Here we report the analysis of a
ΔabsA2
deletion strain, which exhibits the classic precocious antibiotic hyper-production phenotype, and its complementation by an N-terminal triple-FLAG-tagged version of AbsA2. The complemented and non-complemented
ΔabsA2
mutant strains were used in large-scale microarray-based time-course experiments to investigate the effect of deleting
absA2
on gene expression and to identify the
in vivo
AbsA2 DNA-binding target sites using ChIP-on chip. We show that in addition to binding to the promoter regions of
redZ
and
actII-orfIV
AbsA2 binds to several previously unidentified sites within the
cda
biosynthetic gene cluster within and/or upstream of
SCO3215—SCO3216
,
SCO3217
,
SCO3229—SCO3230
, and
SCO3226
, and we relate the pattern of AbsA2 binding to the results of the transcriptomic study and antibiotic phenotypic assays. Interestingly, dual ‘biphasic’ ChIP peaks were observed with AbsA2 binding across the regulatory genes
actII-orfIV
and
redZ
and the
absA2
gene itself, while more conventional single promoter-proximal peaks were seen at the CDA biosynthetic genes suggesting a different mechanism of regulation of the former loci. Taken together the results shed light on the complex mechanism of regulation of antibiotic biosynthesis in
Streptomyces coelicolor
and the important role of AbsA2 in controlling the expression of three antibiotic biosynthetic gene clusters.
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