The implementation of education in the 21st century has a different direction compared to the previous century. Education in the 21st century is expected to produce outcomes for students who are ready to enter the post-industrial era (industrial revolution 4.0). The direction of education in the 21st century is no longer holding education aimed at preparing people in a simple, static / linear, and predictable world. The characteristics and demands of the 21st century above produce four learning characters of 21st century, namely: (1). Critical Thinking and Problem Solving; (2) Creativity and Innovation; (3) Communication; (4) Collaboration. For this reason, pre-service and in-service teachers are expected to be able to create learning with HOTS (High Order Thinking Skills) outputs. the topic of this research is how to prepare 21st century teachers in terms of the 4C characters, especially for pre-service teachers.

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Many types of e-learning are currently available for use in the education sector. E-learning can provide training and education to a large number of students with diverse cultural backgrounds and educational levels. However, e-learning can fail if forced to provide teaching material that exceeds what can be achieved by e-learning. Some people usually do not understand the weaknesses and limitations of e-learning and some of them might expect too much. Social conditions outside the educational regulations play an important role in the formation of student character. Thus the development of positive character can be created through a dynamic relationship between internal and external factors. This study aims to develop the learning design (LD) using mathematics manipulative based on e-learning and character building. The development of LD is carried out in five stages including the initial investigation phase, design, realization, a series of actions consisting of tests followed by evaluation and revision, and field trials of the product. The results show that the completeness of 89% can be achieved by both individuals and classical after learning using designs that have been developed. The high level of completeness is due to students being able to study independently through material that has been uploaded by the lecturer and if students are not clear they can directly ask the lecturer through the chat facilities provided without waiting for the next meeting. There is a significant difference between the learning outcomes of the experimental class and the control class. The learning outcomes of experimental class students have higher independence and responsibility. Students in the experimental class are able to produce more manipulatives and have better quality.

The Indonesian government is committed to lower down the poverty rate over time. The provision of credit program scheme is one of the programs aimed to assist small and medium enterprises (SMEs) AbstrakPemerintah Indonesia memiliki komitmen untuk mengurangi angka kemiskinan di Indonesia. Salah satu program kegiatan yang digulirkan adalah dengan pemberian fasilitas kredit kepada unit usaha mikro, baik melalui skema penjaminan kredit seperti Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) maupun melalui skema subsidi bunga seperti Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi (KKP-E) dan Kredit Usaha Pembibitan Sapi (KUPS). Namun demikian, terdapat permasalahan besar dalam implementasi, seperti besarnya risiko terjadinya default, prudentiality dari bank pelaksana yang terlalu tinggi, serta ketidaktepatan penyaluran. Permasalahan tersebut tidak terlepas dari permasalahan dasar di credit market, yaitu asymmetric information yang meliputi adverse selection dan moral hazard. Oleh sebab itu, permasalahan ini pada akhirnya berujung pada tidak optimalnya penyerapan kredit program. Hal tersebut akan menghambat akses calon debitur kepada permodalan pada waktu yang tepat, sehingga tidak menutup kemungkinan calon debitur tersebut akhirnya mengandalkan akses modal dari lembaga keuangan informal dengan tingkat bunga yang cukup tinggi. Potret permasalahan tersebut mendasari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut desain alternatif skema kredit program. Skema tersebut mencakup institusi yang seharusnya dilibatkan dalam implementasi program sehingga terwujud credit market yang berkelanjutan bagi usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM). Keberadaan lembaga keuangan mikro (LKM) dianggap dapat mengatasi kedua permasalahan dasar tersebut mengingat LKM memiliki akses informasi yang lebih bagus terkait calon debitur. Oleh sebab itu, salah satu rekomendasi yang diajukan adalah melakukan penyatuan format kredit program dan pada akhirnya mengusulkan LKM sebagai salah satu pelaksana dari kredit program untuk memperluas akses kredit bagi UMKM di Indonesia.

School Literacy Movement has been launched by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia in 2015. This movement is intended for schools to be able to perform according to its stages, namely habituation, development and learning. The three stages of School Literacy Movement can be done through school programs and school facilities for students to be literate. Essential facilities for school owned in this GLS include school library. MIM Gandatapa Donate as an elementary school that does not yet have a school library feels the need to create a school library design for the advancement of student literacy. This paper describes the design of school libraries that include collection development, library interior design, and collection classification. The development of the collection by not having to buy, can utilize CSR from the agency that provides book grants. The interior design of the elementary school library (MI) can be tailored to the likes of children interested in coming to the library. Classification of collections should ideally use an international classification system in place so that if a moment of growing larger is better prepared. This is felt to be based on school literacy movement that has been implemented by MIM Gandatapa at this stage of habituation.