Low levels of plasma vitamin E concentrations were found in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD). The present study was aimed at determining the effect of an eight-week vitamin E supplementation on clinical response (Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index (CADESI-03) scores and pruritus intensity) in dogs with atopic dermatitis. Levels of oxidative stress markers (plasma malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), blood glutathione peroxidase and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations) were also determined. Twenty-nine dogs with CAD were included in the study. Fourteen received vitamin E (8.1 IU/kg once daily, orally) and 15 received mineral oil as placebo (orally). All dogs were treated with antihistamine fexofenadine. Levels of oxidative stress markers (with the exception of skin vitamin E), CADESI-03 and pruritus intensity were determined at the beginning, then every two weeks. Skin vitamin E was determined at the beginning and at the end of the treatment. Significantly higher plasma levels of vitamin E and TAC were observed in the vitamin E group than in the placebo group. CADESI-03 scores determined throughout the treatment in the vitamin E group were significantly lower than in the placebo group. The findings of this study support the supplementation of vitamin E in dogs with atopic dermatitis.
Background: Altered homeostasis of vitamin E has been demonstrated in human atopic dermatitis. Data on plasma and skin vitamin E concentrations in canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) are not available. Objective: To determine vitamin E concentrations in plasma and skin of atopic dogs. Animals and Methods: Vitamin E concentrations in plasma and full-thickness skin biopsies of 15 atopic dogs were related to CAD extent and severity index (CADESI-03) scores and compared to the equivalent concentrations in 17 healthy dogs. Statistically significant differences of measured parameters between the two groups were determined by the nonparametric Mann Whitney U test and correlations between CADESI-03 scores and vitamin E concentrations were evaluated by the Spearman rank test. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Plasma concentrations of vitamin E were significantly lower in atopic dogs than in healthy dogs, with median values of 29.8 and 52.9 mmol/L, respectively. Skin vitamin E values did not differ significantly between patients and healthy controls. The median concentration of skin vitamin E in atopic dogs was higher than that in healthy dogs. No significant correlations were found between CADESI-03 score and plasma vitamin E or skin vitamin E concentrations. Conclusions: Significantly lower plasma vitamin E concentrations in atopic dogs than in healthy controls indicate altered homeostasis of vitamin E in CAD. Clinical importance: Further investigation into vitamin E supplementation in CAD is warranted.
OBJECTIVES:The 90-90-90 target set for 2020 is fast approaching and guidelines recommend antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-positive people (HPP), regardless of CD4 count, aiming to improve long-term patient health and to prevent HIV transmission. The objective of this study was to compare the delay between HIV diagnosis and ART initiation across the EU5. METHODS: Data from Ipsos' EU5 HIV Therapy Monitor Scope Study (Scope) were used. Scope is a medical chart review of HPPs conducted at 3-month intervals (N¼206 physicians reporting on patients January, February, and March). Physicians are requested to abstract data on consecutive 7-8 HPPs initiating therapy and 7-8 HPPs switching therapy (i.e., no untreated or stable patients). Data includes demographics, disease history, and treatment patterns. Descriptive analysis was conducted using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS: The Scope data set had a total of N¼206 physicians and Y¼1,516 initiating patients with a mean age of 36 (standard deviation ¼ 10.8). 75% of patients were male and 24% female. The delay between diagnosis and ART initiation is significantly lower (p<0.05) in Germany (3.8 months) than in Italy (11.4 months) the UK (10.2 months), and Spain (9 months). Across the EU5, 51% of HPPs were diagnosed in physician offices (PO) and 15.7% in sexual health/family planning clinics (SH/FP). POs were the primary location of diagnosis in France (38.1%), Germany (94.1%), Italy (36.8%), and Spain (62.7%). In the UK, significantly more HPPs (p<0.05) were diagnosed in SH/FPs (47.9%). HPPs diagnosed in POs have significantly shorter delays in treatment initiation (6.3 months) (p<0.05) compared to those diagnosed at non-POs (9.2 months). CONCLUSIONS: HPPs in Italy, the UK, and Spain had the greatest delay in ART initiation compared to Germany. Delay in diagnosis to initiation could lead to higher transmission risk, impacting outcomes and targets set for 2020.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.