Day after day Internet of Things (IOT) has become essential in our lives with a lot of research directions and technologies, one of these directions is the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) which is important for traffic management, and safety. One of its main points is the Vehicle-To-Vehicle (V2V) communication which is essential for the ITS full automated process as it decreases the number of hits between the vehicles and the access points on the roads. V2V is important for the developing countries which does not include Road Side Units (RSUs), so in this research we will go through V2V research directions to explore the current models, and to find out the advantages and challenges of implementing V2V.
This article presents a review of the interstitial microwave cancer ablation. Microwave cancer ablation is an effective technique for the cancer therapy using the electromagnetic radiations in the microwave range. The idea behind using the microwave electromagnetic radiations in cancer therapy is basically based on dielectric heating of the cancerous tissues until the death of the infected cells. This article reviews the theory of operation of the microwave cancer ablation technique with overview of the electrical properties of the biological tissues as they are key parameters to study the behavior of the cancer ablation process. Advantages of microwave cancer ablation technique over the other techniques especially its most related one, i.e., the radiofrequency cancer ablation are highlighted. Although the microwave cancer ablation has attained high attention by the researchers, many of challenges which degrade its performance still exist. The paper discusses the challenges of the microwave cancer ablation and highlights the efforts done by the researchers to tackle them. Different antenna structures utilized for microwave cancer ablation are presented with mention of their behavior, advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, some of the most recent progresses in the microwave cancer ablation field are presented.
IoT-based applications operate in a client–server architecture, which requires a specific communication protocol. This protocol is used to establish the client–server communication model, allowing all clients of the system to perform specific tasks through internet communications. Many data communication protocols for the Internet of Things are used by IoT platforms, including message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT), advanced message queuing protocol (AMQP), MQTT for sensor networks (MQTT-SN), data distribution service (DDS), constrained application protocol (CoAP), and simple object access protocol (SOAP). These protocols only support single-topic messaging. Thus, in this work, an IoT message protocol that supports multi-topic messaging is proposed. This protocol will add a simple “brain” for IoT platforms in order to realize an intelligent IoT architecture. Moreover, it will enhance the traffic throughput by reducing the overheads of messages and the delay of multi-topic messaging. Most current IoT applications depend on real-time systems. Therefore, an RTOS (real-time operating system) as a famous OS (operating system) is used for the embedded systems to provide the constraints of real-time features, as required by these real-time systems. Using RTOS for IoT applications adds important features to the system, including reliability. Many of the undertaken research works into IoT platforms have only focused on specific applications; they did not deal with the real-time constraints under a real-time system umbrella. In this work, the design of the multi-topic IoT protocol and platform is implemented for real-time systems and also for general-purpose applications; this platform depends on the proposed multi-topic communication protocol, which is implemented here to show its functionality and effectiveness over similar protocols.
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