We determined the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 755 patients with digestive complaints identified from laboratory records at the Pasteur Institute, Morocco from 1998 to 2007. Epidemiological factors and gastrointestinal conditions associated with this infection were also studied. All patients underwent endoscopy and diagnosis was by histology examination. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 69%. The difference in prevalence between the age group 40-50 years and other age groups was statistically significant; gender had no significant association. H. pylori infection was found in 92% of chronic gastritis cases. The prevalence of H. pylori was significantly higher in the antrum (73%) than in the corpus (21%) and the pylorus (6%).
The situation in which inhomogeneous radiation exposure is likely to occur with accidental overexposure was simulated by studying chromosome aberrations in mixtures of male irradiated and female nonirradiated lymphocytes. The data were evaluated by means of the contaminated Poisson method. For X-ray doses from 1 to 10 Gy and ratios of irradiated to nonirradiated blood from 1:1 to 1:19, a good agreement was found between calculated and applied radiation doses and fractions exposed.
Several determining factors were highlighted in the contamination of ground waters by these pollutants, namely: the contribution of nitrogenized fertilizers, the nature of soil, the lithology, the permeability of the aquifer and the outdistances well compared to the sources of pollution which are waste waters.
A cytogenetic biomonitoring study was performed on people from the Mzamza community near Settat, Morocco. These subjects live in and near the Bou Moussa valley where wastewaters from a great number of industries are discharged without any treatment. This wastewater is used as a source of drinking water for their cattle and irrigation of their land. The Mzamza population is therefore presumably exposed to continuous low doses of different kinds of pollutants. Our study demonstrated significant increases in micronucleated white blood cells indicating a considerable genetic risk in these subjects.
Age-related changes in drug metabolism of the liver from male Lou rats were determined by measuring changes in the production of mutagens. Activation of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 2-aminoanthracene (2AA) and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) to mutagenic derivatives was assayed using the Ames salmonella test system. The promutagens were incubated with tissue fractions isolated from rats ranging in age from 3 weeks to 18 months. Hepatic activation of AFB1 and 2AA changes with age and is maximal from 4 to 10 months. In contrast, no significant modification with age was observed for the activation of B[a]P. It is concluded that the composition of different cytochrome P-450 fractions is modified with age thereby altering the specific ability to convert different promutagens to mutagens.
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