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The results of investigations of extraction of oak chips by 50% aqueous-alcoholic solution during the ripening of the viscous beverage are presented. Studies were carried out in an extractor of the original design using oak chips "Sweet Vanilla". When extracting chips, the gas mixture with oxygen extractor, extraction, oak chips, whiskey, optical density, polyphenols, dry substances was periodically treated. The results of determining the optical density, the content of polyphenols and dry substances in the extract for 350 days of aging are obtained. As a result of the analysis of the obtained data, rational parameters of the ripening process of the viscous beverage are determined. The results of the investigations testify to the intensification of the process of obtaining whiskey during periodic saturation of the system of interacting phases with an oxygen medium.

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To cite this article: V A Kosovich , I E Lapin , O A Rusol , A N Potapov & B A Korostelev (1999) Electrical and thermal characteristics of a direct current low-ampere arc with a tungsten electrode, Welding International, 13:1, 71-74,

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The first human flight to space performed by Yu.A. Gagarin on April 12, 1961 was a crucial event in the history of cosmonautics that had a tremendous effect on the further progress of human civilization. Gagarin's flight had been preceded by targeted biomedical research with the use of diverse biological objects on board rockets and artificial satellites. This research led to the conclusion on the fundamental possibility for humans to fly in space. After a series of early flights and improvements in the medical support system, space missions to the Salyut and Mir stations were gradually extended to record durations. The foundations of this extension were laid by systemic research in the fields of space biomedicine and related sciences. The current ISS system of the crew's medical care has been successful in maintaining the health and performance of cosmonauts, as well as in providing the conditions for research in various fields related to space flights. The ISS abounds in opportunities for the preparation for piloted interplanetary missions. At the same time, the ground based simulation of a mission to Mars is a venue for carrying out scientific and technological exper iments in space biomedicine.

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