Approaches to the development of biomedical support systems for piloted exploration missions

Grigoriev, Anatoly I.; Potapov, A. A.

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2013.07.033

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has even been reported that short‐term HMF exposure can disrupt human cognitive perception [Binhi and Sarimov, ]. Given that HMF is an essential environmental factor of outer space, increasing attention in recent decades has been paid to studies concerning the biological effects of HMF in order to improve life support and the health care of astronauts [Grigoriev and Potapov, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnetic fields cause anxiety in adult male mice

Ding

Wang

et al. 2018

Bioelectromagnetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypomagnetic fields (HMF), that is, the elimination of the geomagnetic field (GMF), are a risk factor to the health of astronauts in outer space. It has been established that continuous HMF exposure affects cytoskeleton assembly, cell proliferation, embryonic development, and even learning and memory. In addition, although there were some previous studies that focused on the effects of long-term HMF-exposure, so far very limited investigations have been conducted to examine the short-term HMF effect in animals. In this study, we exposed adult male C57BL/6 mice to a 3-axis Helmholtz-coil HMF-simulation system for 72 h and found that short-term HMFexposure induced a significant increase in anxiety-related behaviors. And our findings provide important information for both psychological intervention and the health care of astronauts.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypomagnetic fields cause anxiety in adult male mice

Ding

Wang

et al. 2018

Bioelectromagnetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In such an undertaking, astronauts will travel for more than 1 year before reaching Mars. Therefore, it would be of paramount importance to protect participating astronauts against environmental factors in outer space that pose potential threats to their health [Hornecka and Cometb, ; Grigoriev and Potapov, ]. As environmental magnetic field of outer space is a hypomagnetic field (HMF <5 μT) [Mo et al, ], potentially adverse effects of HMF exposure on adult mammals needs to be considered seriously [Zhadin, ; Mo et al, ; Mo et al, ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of cell viability and mitochondrial activity in mouse skeletal muscle cell in a hypomagnetic field

Liu

et al. 2016

Bioelectromagnetics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hypomagnetic field (HMF), one of the key environmental risk factors for astronauts traveling in outer space, has previously been shown to repress locomotion of mammalians. However, underlying mechanisms of how HMF affects the motor system remains poorly understood. In this study, we created an HMF (<3 μT) by eliminating geomagnetic field (GMF, ∼50 μT) and exposed primary mouse skeletal muscle cells to this low magnetic field condition for a period of three days. HMF-exposed cells showed a decline in cell viability relative to GMF control, even though cells appeared normal in terms of morphology and survival rate. After a 3-day HMF-exposure, glucose consumption of skeletal muscle cells was significantly lower than GMF control, accompanied by less adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) content and higher ADP/ATP ratio. In agreement with these findings, mitochondrial membrane potential of HMF-exposed cells was also lower, whereas levels of cellular Reactive Oxygen Species were higher. Moreover, viability and membrane potential of isolated mitochondria were reduced after 1 h HMF-exposure in vitro. Our results indicate that mitochondria can directly respond to HMF at functional level, and suggest that HMF-induced decline in cell functionality results from a reduction in energy production and mitochondrial activity.

show abstract

“…Studies on organisms’ tolerance to long-term isolation from Earth’s magnetic field are particularly important for astrobiology and space medicine ( Dubrov, 1978 ; Grigoriev & Potapov, 2014 ). Their heyday was in the 1970s when the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on living organisms was analysed, including space flight conditions ( Conley, 1970 ; Dubrov, 1978 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance of two anhydrobiotic tardigradesEchiniscus testudoandMilnesium inceptumto hypomagnetic conditions

Erdmann

Idzikowski

Kowalski

et al. 2021

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The open space is a hostile environment for all lifeforms not only due to vacuum, high radiation, low atmospheric pressure, and extremely low temperature, but also the absence of the geomagnetic field. The geomagnetic field protects Earth mainly from corpuscular radiation, that is, solar wind and cosmic radiation, but above all it influences organisms, including their cells, tissues and organs. Moreover, numerous studies conducted on plants and animals confirmed that hypomagnetic conditions (the term referring to all situations when the magnetic field is weaker than the typical geomagnetic field) have significant influence on the metabolism of living organisms. Although many studies dealt with a variety of aspects related mainly to the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on human health. Very few studies have considered the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on extremophiles. Astrobiologists have long been testing different extremofiles to find out if any multicellular organisms are able to survive in extreme conditions of open space. Among all multicellular extremophiles fit for such research, water bears (Tardigrada) are the most interesting. Not only are they one of the most resistant organisms on Earth, but results obtained from studies on these invertebrates can be extrapolated or applied to vertebrates (including humans). Despite this, studies on the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on tardigrades are rare, so far. In the present study, to test the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on the process of anhydrobiosis while entering and returning from anhydrobiosis, we used two terrestrial anhydrobiotic species that are Echiniscus testudo and Milnesium inceptum. To exclude the ambient magnetic field, experiments were carried out in a special magnetic field shielding chamber. In total, three experiments were conducted: (a) tardigrades in anhydrobiosis, (b) tardigrades entering anhydrobiosis and (c) tardigrades returning to active life. The obtained results clearly showed that even partial isolation from the geomagnetic field, that is, hypomagnetic conditions, has negative influence on anhydrobiotic abilities of both tested tardigrade species. In both species we observed lower survivability rate while entering anhydrobiosis, in anhydrobiotic state and returning to the active state. What is more, we observed a higher mortality rate in Ech. testudo than Mil. inceptum which suggest that different species response to the hypomagnetic conditions in different way. In conclusion, while current knowledge on the influence of hypomagnetic conditions on mortality of invertebrates is very limited, our results suggest that the presence of the magnetic field is a very important factor which should be considered in further research focused on potential survival of Earth organisms in outer space, spacecrafts or different planets and moons.

show abstract

Approaches to the development of biomedical support systems for piloted exploration missions

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Hypomagnetic fields cause anxiety in adult male mice

Hypomagnetic fields cause anxiety in adult male mice

Decline of cell viability and mitochondrial activity in mouse skeletal muscle cell in a hypomagnetic field

Tolerance of two anhydrobiotic tardigradesEchiniscus testudoandMilnesium inceptumto hypomagnetic conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About