Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesised from the Vernonia amygdalina shows the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities in the mice model

Abstract

In this study, we synthesised the zinc oxide nanoparticles from Vernonia amygdalina and evaluated its anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potentials against the different inflammation and pain induced mice model. The synthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterised by UV, SEM, XRD and FTIR techniques. The anti-nociceptive effects of V. amygdalina were examined by different stimuli e.g. acetic acid, glutamate, capsaicin, and formalin-induced nociception in mice. The anti-inflammatory effects of synthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles were assessed by air sack assessment and the level of inflammatory cytokines were studied. The muscle tension of animals were studied through open field assessment. The present study exhibited proficient antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions of the synthesised Zinc oxide nanoparticles from V. amygdalina. The sormulated zinc oxide nanoparticles were appreciably reduced the acetic acid, glutamate, capsaicin, and formalin-induced nociceptive responses in mice. Further the zinc nanoparticles were exhibited the potent anti-inflammatory actions via reducing the inflammatory response and pro-inflammatory cytokines level in the mice. In conclusion, the findings of this study proved the beneficial effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles from V. amygdalina against the different pain and inflammation-induced mice. Hence, it was clear that the zinc nanoparticles from V. amygdalina could be promising antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory agent in the future.

Plant-Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Advances in the New Millennium towards Understanding Their Therapeutic Role in Biomedical Applications

“…Nanoparticles have been widely exploited as a potential anti-inflammatory agent in recent years. The large surface area-to-volume ratio causes nanoparticles to have more surface reactive properties, resulting in more interactions with the cell membrane and easier transport within the membrane [ 34 , 97 , 125 ]. Zn is easily transported through the cell membrane because of the nanosizes of zinc oxide nanoparticles.…”

“…Agarwal and Shanmugam [ 21 ] also revealed that green synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles from Kalanchoe pinnata leaf extract were found to be biocompatible up to 1 mg·mL −1 and to have an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the production and release of proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2. Likewise, Liu et al [ 125 ] proved the anti-inflammatory effects of synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles from Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract against different pain and inflammation-induced mice. Moreover, the synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were found to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory effects via reducing the inflammatory response and proinflammatory cytokines level in mice.…”

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…There is a study applied the gum as an eco-friendly and cost effective polymer to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles. They synthesized hexagonal zinc oxide with the average diameter of 55-80 nm and length of 240 nm [28]. Moreover, alginate is a naturally occurring poly-anionic polysaccharide derived and commercially extracted from brown marine algae (Phaeophyceae) [29].…”

Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanostructures with Antimicrobial Activities

“…Apart from NAC and PEGylation, green ZnO NPs synthesized from the plant extracts exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines dramatically [342][343][344]. The anti-inflammatory activity of ZnO NPs is comparatively higher than that of AgNPs with 79% and 69.1% respectively [343].…”

“…Meanwhile, green ZnO NPs synthesized from Vernonia amygdalina leaves show good anti-inflammatory properties in the mice model due to the presence of flavonoids and tannins in the plant extracts. As a result, the inflammatory activity and pro-inflammatory cytokine level in the mice are reduced substantially [344]. In this respect, green ZnO NPs with good antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties are promising nanomaterials for the treatment of bacterial infections.…”