Yield and physiological quality of wheat seeds after desiccation with different herbicides

Abstract

-Some desiccation techniques for harvesting wheat may affect seed quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different desiccant herbicides applied to the wheat crop and their effects on the production and seed quality. The experiment was conducted with cultivar CooDeteC 150 (CD 150) in two sites in Palotina (Paraná state, Brazil) with a randomized block design consisting of 7 treatments (desiccation herbicides) and 4 replications. Desiccation was realized when 50% of the plants were in stage 80 with seeds in powdery or mass consistency. the variables analyzed were percentage of moisture content after harvest, Yield, hectoliter weight, mass of 100 seeds, vigor, germination, fresh mass of seedlings, dry mass of seedlings and root length. the herbicides carfentrazone-ethyl and clethodim were the ones that promoted greatest reduction in vigor. the herbicide paraquat caused reduction in seedling length. there was a reduction in the mass of 100 seeds for glufosinate-ammonium, clethodim, diquat and carfentrazone-ethyl. Glufosinate-ammonium, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim and diquat caused reduction in yield. Desiccation of Cultivar CD 150 at stage 80 is not recommended, since plant Yield and physiological seed parameters were adversely affected by herbicides.Index terms: chemical desiccation, management, germination, vigor, seedlings.Produtividade e qualidade fisiológica das sementes de trigo após dessecação com diferentes herbicidas RESUMO -Algumas técnicas de manejo da cultura do trigo, como a dessecação pré-colheita podem afetar a produtividade e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de diferentes herbicidas dessecantes aplicados na cultura do trigo e seus efeitos sobre a produtividade e a qualidade das sementes. O experimento foi conduzido com a cultivar COODETEC 150 (CD 150), em dois ambientes de produção localizados no Município de Palotina -PR, sob o delineamento experimental de blocos casualisados, constituído de 7 tratamentos (herbicidas na dessecação) com 4 repetições. A dessecação foi realizada quando 50% das plantas apresentavam-se no estádio 80 com as sementes de consistência farinácea ou de massa. As variáveis analisadas foram umidade após a colheita, produtividade de sementes, peso hectolitro, massa de 100 sementes, germinação e vigor. Os herbicidas carfentrazoneethyl e clethodim reduziram o vigor das sementes produzidas, e o herbicida paraquat reduziu o comprimento de plântulas. ocorreu redução na massa de 100 sementes para o amônio -glufosinate, clethodim, diquat e carfentrazone-ethyl. O amônio -glufosinate, paraquat, glyphosate, clethodim e diquat reduziram a produtividade. A dessecação de plantas da cultivar CD 150 no estádio 80 não é recomendada, em decorrências dos efeitos negativos dos herbicidas nos parâmetros produtivos e fisiológicos das sementes de trigo.Termos para indexação: dessecação química, manejo, germinação, vigor, plântulas.

Dessecação pré-colheita em sorgo granífero: qualidade fisiológica das sementes e efeito sobre a rebrota

“…O uso de dessecantes para a antecipação da colheita de sementes é uma prática comum em diversas culturas como feijão (Goffnett et al, 2016), soja (Bezerra et al, 2016, trigo (Krenchinski et al, 2017), arroz (He et al, 2015), canola (Zhang & Van Vekdhuizen, 2016) e mamona (Costa et al, 2018). Para a maioria das culturas há dessecantes registrados, porém, na cultura do sorgo a dessecação, quando necessária, é feita de forma empírica pelos produtores e não há produtos registrados.…”

Pre-harvest herbicide application reduces the Italian ryegrass seed viability

“…Additionally, paraquat and ammonium-glufosinate had greater efficiency to reduce seed weight during grain filling ( Figure 1B). Herbicide burndown in wheat pre-harvest reduced seed weight and hectoliter mass, affecting the seedling establishment (Krenchinski et al 2017). However, seed weight reduction depends on the phenological stage, with lower effects for herbicide application after the grain filling (Perboni et al 2018).…”

“…Herbicides are chemical substances that modify several physiological processes, affecting grain filling and seed quality, especially for applications performed before seed maturity (Jaskulski and Jaskulska 2014). Wheat burndown with ammoniumglufosinate, clethodim or paraquat can reduce the initial growth of seedlings due to the incomplete formation and lower seed weight (Krenchinski et al 2017).…”

Effects of Pre-Harvest Glyphosate Application on Spring Wheat Quality Characteristics

“…Glyphosate rates of 1 kg ha −1 caused decreases in germination energy and at 2 kg ha −1 thousand kernel weight was decreased, according to a study by Jaskulski and Jaskulska [11]. Additionally, Krenchinski et al [12] studied the effects of several herbicides used for desiccation and found that glyphosate, paraquat, glufosinate-ammonium, diquat and clethodium caused decreases in grain yield, while herbicides such as paraquat and clethodium caused reductions in seedling length and vigor in seeds from treated plants, respectively. McNeal et al [13] studied eight harvest aids and found that harvest aid application did not have a profound effect on the end-product quality of hard red spring wheat.…”