Wolf Population Dynamics and Prey Relationships in Northeastern Alberta

Fuller, Todd K.; Keith, Lloyd B.

doi:10.2307/3808006

Cited by 121 publications

(97 citation statements)

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“…Similar results have been obtained in studies of wolf predation on moose in North America, which demon strated selection for calves (Mech 1966, Fuller and Keith 1980, Peterson et al 1984. Such selection is expected because moose calves are inexperienced with wolves and less dangerous and slower while escaping than adults (Mech 1970).…”

Section: Effects Of Wolf Predation On Ungulate Communitiessupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Toward the end of winter, the physical condition of ungulates generally decreases, and the percentage of weakened individuals among wolf prey is higher than at the beginning of winter (Okarma 1984(Okarma , 1991. In North America, wolf-killed white -tailed deer and moose are often in poor condition , Fuller and Keith 1980, Messier and Crete 1985, Potvin et al 1988, Paquet 1989, Forbes and Theberge 1992. However, wolves do not always take disproportionately more sick and weak animals than expected.…”

Section: A V a Ila B Ility O F Food O F A N Th Rop Og En Ic O Rig Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The trophic ecology of wolves and their predatory role in ungulate communities of forest ecosystems in Europe

Okarma¹

1995

Acta Theriol.

146

125

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H. 1995. The trophic ecology of wolves and their predatory role in ungulate communities of forest ecosystems in Europe. Acta Theriologica 40: 335-386.Predation by wolves Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758 in ungulate communities in Europe, with special reference to the multi-species system o f Białowieża Primeval Forest (Poland/Belarus), was assessed on the basis results of original research and literature. In historical times (post-glacial period), the geographical range of the w olf and most ungulate species in Europe decreased considerably. Community richness of ungulates and potential prey for wolves, decreased over most o f the continent from 5 -6 species to 2 -3 species. The w olf is typically an opportunistic predator with a highly diverse diet; however, cervids are its preferred prey. Red deer Ceruus elaphus are positively selected from ungulate communities in all localities, moose Alces alces are the major prey only where middle-sized species are scarce. Roe deer Capreolus capreolus are locally preyed on intensively, especially where they have high density, co-exist mainly with moose or wild boar Sus scrofa, and red deer is scarce or absent. Wild boar are generally avoided, except in a few locations; and European bison Bison bonasus are not preyed upon by wolves. W olf predation contributes substantially to the total natural mortality of ungulates in Europe: 42.5% for red deer, 34.5% for moose, 25.7% for roe der, and only 16% for wild boar. Food niche breadth (B) o f wolves in Europe, calculated only for the ungulates considered in this study, increases with the number o f ungulate species in the community. There is also a significant rela tionship between ungulate community breadth and food niche breadth of wolves. Food niche breadth o f wolves, however, does not achieve very high values even in the richest ungulate communities. Wolves easily adapt to locally abundant food of anthropogenic origin (livestock, garbage). The level of predation on livestock may be a result of different husbandry practices (eg use of livestock guarding dogs) rather than of differences in availability of wild and domestic prey. Available data from Europe suggest that wolves likely limit density of red deer and moose in some areas. Roe deer density can be decreased locally by wolves but is limited mainly by lynx Lynx lynx. Wild boar density is more influenced by mast crops of Quercus spp. and Fagus siluatica (and to a lesser extent by snow depth) than by w olf predation.

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Section: Effects Of Wolf Predation On Ungulate Communitiessupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: A V a Ila B Ility O F Food O F A N Th Rop Og En Ic O Rig Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

The trophic ecology of wolves and their predatory role in ungulate communities of forest ecosystems in Europe

Okarma¹

1995

Acta Theriol.

146

125

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“…In Alaska and Canada, forest ecosystems with very similar species composition and weather regime as in east-central Finland (ie northern boreal forest, where moose is the only or dominant wild ungulate) are widespread (Gasaway et al 1992). In such ecologically comparable study areas, the relative importance of moose ranges from 65-97% of consumed mammal biomass in the summer diet (estimated on scat analysis; Fuller and Keith 1980, Peterson et al 1984, Messier and Crete 1985, Ballard et al 1987, Gasaway et al 1992, which resembles the 69-93% estimated in our Finnish study area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…Several authors report a difference in diet between packs, which colonize neighbouring areas (eg Fuller andKeith 1980, Messier andCrete 1985). As summarized by Okarma (1995), diet specialization by individual wolf packs may be related to wolf pack size, pack-specific feeding habits, density and availability of alternative prey species, environmental conditions within territories (eg snow conditions) and hunting pressure on wolves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet composition of wolves Canis lupus in east-central Finland

Gade-Jørgensen¹,

Stagegaard²

2000

Acta Theriol.

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“…The changes in home-range sizes between periods likely reflect short-term changes due to prey availability and distribution, and may have no influence on the level of spatial stability exhibited. Territorial expansion and contraction due to changes in resource abundance or pack dynamics have been well documented in canids and other animals (Fuller and Keith 1980;Messier 1985;Peterson and Page 1988). Fuller (1989) noted that the relatively stable, long-established territorial boundaries of wolves in north-central Minnesota fluctuated little with short-term changes in pack size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

Kitchen¹,

Gese²,

Schauster³

2000

Can. J. Zool.

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Long-term stability of territorial boundaries has not been well documented in canids. To evaluate the prevalence of long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges, we compared the overlap of territorial boundaries and the spatial distribution of telemetry locations of packs in southeastern Colorado. From August 1983 to July 1988 (period l), 16 coyotes from six packs were radio-tracked. From April 1996 to August 1997 (period 2), 12 coyotes from six packs were captured and tracked in the same area. Mean percentage of overlap of pack ranges was 89.8 * 8.3% (+SD) for period 1 ranges over period 2 ranges and 55.8 * 14.4% for period 2 ranges over period 1 ranges. Mean percentage of overlap of the 30% core area of the home ranges was 65.2 * 13.9% for those of period 1 over those of period 2 and 66.3 * 28.7% for those of period 2 over those of period 1. Despite substantial overlap of home-range and core-use areas, there were significant differences in the distribution of locations between periods in five of six home ranges. This suggests that, although packs are faithful to one site (i.e., boundaries remain similar over a period of years), their use of the site (i.e., distribution of locations within the range) may change temporally.RCsumC : La stabilitC B long terme des limites territoriales chez les canidCs est encore ma1 connue. Dans le but d7Cvaluer la stabilitC spatiale B long terme des domaines chez le Coyote (Canis latrans), nous avons comparC le chevauchement des limites territoriales et la rkpartition spatiale des repCrages ttltmCtriques chez des meutes du sud-est du Colorado. D'aoQt 1983 B juillet 1998 (pCriode l), 16 coyotes appartenant B six meutes on Ct C repCrCs par radio. D'avril 1996 B aoQt 1997 (pkriode 2), 12 coyotes appartenant B six meutes ont Ct C capturks et suivis dans la meme zone. Le chevauchement moyen des meutes exprim6 en pourcentage a Ct C de 89,8 * 8,3 % (Ccart type) dans le cas des domaines enregistrks durant la pCriode 1 par rapport B ceux enregistrCs durant la ptriode 2 et de 55,8 * 14,4 % dans le cas des domaines enregistres durant la pCriode 2 par rapport B ceux de la pCriode 1. Le chevauchement moyen de la portion centrale (30 %) des domaines a Ct C de 65,2 rt 13,9 % (pCriode 1 sur pCriode 2) et de 66,3 * 28,7 % (pCriode 2 sur PCriode 1). En dCpit du chevauchement important des domaines et des zones-centrales, il y avait des diffkrences significatives de la rCpartition des sites de repCrage entre les pCriodes dans cinq des six domaines. Ces rCsultats indiquent que malgrC la fidClitC des meutes B un endroit (i.e., similitude des limites durant plusieurs annCes), l'utilisation de l'endroit (i.e., rCpartition des sites de repCrage dans le domaine) peut changer temporairement.[Traduit par la RCdaction]

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Wolf Population Dynamics and Prey Relationships in Northeastern Alberta

Cited by 121 publications

References 0 publications

The trophic ecology of wolves and their predatory role in ungulate communities of forest ecosystems in Europe

The trophic ecology of wolves and their predatory role in ungulate communities of forest ecosystems in Europe

Diet composition of wolves Canis lupus in east-central Finland

Long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

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