Long-term spatial stability of coyote (<i>Canis</i> <i>latrans</i>) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

Kitchen, Ann M.; Gese, Eric M.; Schauster, Edward R.

doi:10.1139/z99-236

Cited by 24 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Perhaps improved environmental conditions on the PCMS have elevated fox survival rates since the earlier swift fox research was conducted. Kitchen et al (2000) found significantly smaller coyote home ranges and higher lagomorph counts during fieldwork in the 1990s than were found during work conducted on the same site in the 1980s, indicating a higher prey base and coyote density. Changes in canid survival rates and density in relation to increasing prey biomass have been reported (Keith 1983;Fuller 1989;Knowlton et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Population ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in southeastern Colorado

Schauster¹,

Gese²,

Kitchen³

2002

Can. J. Zool.

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Swift foxes (Vulpes velox) were once distributed across most of the shortgrass prairie of North America. The arrival of settlers and the concurrent loss of habitat, trapping, incidental poisoning, and shooting brought about a decline in its numbers until the swift fox remained only in the southern part of its historic range. A current understanding of swift fox population ecology is important to management and conservation efforts. We examined the population ecology of swift foxes on a native shortgrass prairie ecosystem in southeastern Colorado. From January 1997 to December 1998 we investigated home-range size and space use, spatial overlap, dispersal patterns, survival rates, and reproduction using a sample of 90 (42 males, 48 females) radio-collared foxes. Home ranges were largest (9.4 ± 4.9 km 2 ) and spatial overlap was greatest using nighttime locations when foxes were active, while daytime locations indicated that the use of dens was exclusive among social units, and space use (2.8 ± 2.2 km 2 ) was reduced during the day. Among resident foxes, survival rates were higher for adults than for juveniles. For dispersing foxes, adults that dispersed had higher survival rates than juvenile dispersers. Social units ranged in size from 2 to 4 foxes. About 58% of the social units produced pups; litter size averaged 2.4 pups at den emergence. Among the surviving pup cohort, some pups were philopatric, some dispersed long distances, while others dispersed to neighboring territories. Swift fox density was negatively associated with both coyote (Canis latrans) and lagomorph abundance but positively correlated with rodent abundance.Résumé : L'aire de répartition du renard véloce (Vulpes velox) s'étendait jadis à toute la prairie à herbes courtes de l'Amérique du Nord. L'arrivée des colons et, en conséquence, la perte d'habitats, le trappage, les empoisonnements accidentels et la chasse, ont réduit les densités du renard au point où il ne survit plus que dans la partie sud de son aire traditionnelle. Pour des fins de gestion et de conservation, il importe de connaître l'écologie actuelle de l'espèce. Nous avons donc étudié l'écologie d'une population d'un écosystème naturel de prairie à herbes courtes du sud-est du Colorado. Un échantillon de 90 (42 males : 48 femelles) renards munis de colliers radio-émetteurs nous a permis, de janvier 1997 à décembre 1998, de déterminer la taille du domaine vital, l'utilisation de l'espace, les chevauchements spatiaux, les patterns de dispersion, les taux de survie et la reproduction. La taille des domaines (9,4 ± 4,9 km 2 ) et les recouvrements de domaines étaient aximaux lorsque calculés à partir des repérages de nuit au moment où les renards étaient actifs; les repérages de jour indiquaient que l'utilisation des terriers était réservée exclusivement à chacun des groupes sociaux et que l'utilisation de l'espace (2,8 ± 2,2 km 2 ) était réduite durant le jour. Chez les renards résidants, les taux de survie étaient plus élevés chez les adultes que chez les jeunes. Les adultes...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Population ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in southeastern Colorado

Schauster¹,

Gese²,

Kitchen³

2002

Can. J. Zool.

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“…Por ejemplo, en machos, la disminución o ausencia de individuos adultos quizá se deba a las presiones por encontrar y fecundar un mayor número de hembras para preservar sus genes. En contraste, las hembras se ven más interesadas en la búsqueda de alimento y refugios para garantizar el desarrollo de las crías (Bond & Wolf 1999, Jonsson et al 2000, Kitchen et al 2000. Esto se documentó en el área de estudio para Heteromys gaumeri .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Fluctuación poblacional de ototylomys phyllotis merriam, 1901 (rodentia: muridae) en una selva mediana subcaducifolia del Sur de Yucatán, México

Betancourt

Pool

Peralta

et al. 2008

AZM

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RESUMENSe estudió la dinámica poblacional de la rata arborícola Ototylomys phyllotis en la selva mediana subcaducifolia del Rancho Hobonil, Tzucacab, Yucatán. Se trabajó de abril de 1996 a abril de 1998, usando el método de captura recaptura y trampeando por cinco noches consecutivas cada mes. La densidad se estimó mediante el método de Número Mínimo de Individuos Vivos (NMIV). Se capturaron un total de 123 individuos, de los cuales el 49% fueron hembras y el 51% machos. La proporción de sexos se mantuvo 1:1. La densidad poblacional fluctuó entre 10 y 46 individuos/ha. No se presentó correlación significativa entre la densidad y la precipitación pluvial anual (p<0.05). Los adultos constituyeron el principal componente de la población. La presencia de reproductores de ambos sexos, así como la actividad reproductiva de las hembras durante la mayoría de los meses de estudio, sugiere que esta especie presenta un patrón reproductivo poliéstrico continuo. Palabras clave: Poblaciones, Muridae, Ototylomys phyllotis, Selva mediana subcaducifolia, Yucatán, México. ABSTRACTPopulation dinamics of the big-eared climbing rat (Ototylomys phyllotis) was studied in a subdeciduous tropical rainforest located at Rancho Hobonil, Tzucacab, Yucatan using a mark-recapture technique, from April 1996 to April 1998 during five nights per 24 months. The minimum-numberknown-alive technique (MNKA) was used to estimate population size. We captured 123 rats, 52% were females and 48% males. The sex ratio was 1:1 during this study. Density ranged from 10 to 46 ind./ha. And was not significantly correlated with precipitation (p>0.05). Presence of reproductive individuals from both sexes during the majorities of the studied months and the reproductive activity from females suggest a continuous poliestric pattern for this species.

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“…A general consensus of studies indicates coyote space use can be stable through time (Kitchen et al 2000a;Young et al 2006), but varies by geographic location. In addition, home range size of resident packs can be influenced by resources or habitat types (Gese et al 1988a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space use and social ecology of coyotes (Canis latrans) in a high-elevation ecosystem: relative stability in a changing environment

Gifford

Gese

Parmenter³

2016

J Ethol

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Coyote (Canis latrans) spatial and social ecology are variable, but have been little studied in high-elevation environments. In these temperate ecosystems, large ungulates are prevalent and coyote pack size may be large in order for them to scavenge and defend ungulate carcasses from conspecifics in neighboring packs. We initiated a study to understand the spatial and social ecology of coyotes on the Valles Caldera National Preserve, a high-elevation (2450-3400 m) protected area in northern New Mexico. Our objectives were to (1) describe the home range size and habitat use of coyotes in the preserve, (2) describe coyote movements within and outside of packs, and (3) to evaluate the relationship between coyote social cohesion and the amount of elk (Cervus elaphus) in the coyote diet. We acquired global positioning system and telemetry locations from 33 coyotes from August 2005 to July 2009. We classified 23 coyotes (70 % of individuals) as residents (i.e., territorial) during at least part of the study and ten coyotes (30 %) as transients. Overall mean home range size of resident packs was 10.6 ± 2.2 (SD) km 2 . Home range size varied between packs, but did not vary by season or year. Coyotes used dry and wet meadow habitats as expected based on availability; coyotes used riparian habitat more than expected, and forests less than expected. Social cohesion did not vary among biological seasons. Alpha coyotes were more socially cohesive with each other than with other pack members, and a transient exhibited temporal-spatial avoidance of pack members while inside the pack's territory followed by integration into the pack. Contrary to expectations, we found no relationship between coyote social cohesion and the proportion of elk in coyote diets. We concluded that coyote space use and sociality on the preserve were relatively stable year-round despite changes in biological needs, snow depth, and utilization of variously sized prey.

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Long-term spatial stability of coyote (Canis latrans) home ranges in southeastern Colorado

Cited by 24 publications

References 56 publications

Population ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in southeastern Colorado

Population ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in southeastern Colorado

Fluctuación poblacional de ototylomys phyllotis merriam, 1901 (rodentia: muridae) en una selva mediana subcaducifolia del Sur de Yucatán, México

Space use and social ecology of coyotes (Canis latrans) in a high-elevation ecosystem: relative stability in a changing environment

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