Diet composition of wolves Canis lupus in east-central Finland

Food habits of wolvesCanis lupus in Latvia

“…Seasonally and locally, beaver may con-stitute one third of the diet of wolves in Latvia (Andersone 1999) and it was positively selected both in the west and east of Latvia. In most other European studies of wolves, beaver remains made up between 1 and 4% of occurrence in the diet (Kozlo and Banad 1985, Olsson et al 1997, Valdmann et al 1998, Gade--Jørgensen and Stagegaard 2000, Jêdrzejewski et al 2000. Only in North America, beaver constituted more than half of the wolf diet (Shelton andPeterson 1983, Mech 1995).…”

How Did Domestication Change the Hair Morphology in Sheep and Goats?

“…Previous studies reported that the first moult in young of wild ungulates of some European and North American species coincides with the development of adult hair characteristics (cf. [11,12,15,29]. As far as we know, no data are available on domestic ungulates.…”

Defining the predator landscape of northeastern British Columbia.

“…Several authors report a difference in diet between packs occupying neighbouring territories (Gade-Jorgensen and Stagegaard 2000). Diet specialization of individual wolf packs also may be related to wolf pack size, pack-specific feeding habits, environmental conditions within territories, and hunting pressure on wolves (Okarma 1995;Spaulding et al 1998;Gade-Jorgensen and Stagegaard 2000). The majority of studies addressing diet selection by wolves have focused on the summer and winter seasons, and have been based on scat analyses and backtracking to kill sites.…”

“…Wolf research in North America and Europe has focused primarily on prey selection (e.g., Mattioli et al 1995;Okarma 1995;Forbes and Theberge 1996;Meriggi et al 1996;Kohira and Rexstad 1997;Bergerud and Elliot 1998;Spaulding et al 1998;Gade-Jorgensen and Stagegaard 2000;Jedrzejewski et al 2000;Darimont et al 2004;Smith et al 2004); the estimation of kill rates (Hayes et al 2000;Hebblewhite et al 2003;Smith et al 2004); functional responses (Dale et al 1994;Hayes and Harestad 2000b); the potential for wolves to limit and/or regulate prey populations (Eberhardt et al 2003), particularly single prey systems (e.g., elk; ; impacts on ungulate population dynamics associated with wolf predation risk (Hebblewhite 2006;; and the ability of wolves to structure entire communities by mediating trophic cascades (Ripple and Beschta 2004;Hebblewhite et al 2005). Because public attitudes towards wolves have changed drastically in recent years in both Europe (Promberger and Schroder 1993) and North America (Kellert et al 1996), numerous scientific modeling efforts have examined habitat use by wolves in human-dominated landscapes and predicted potential areas that may be suitable for wolf restoration and recolonization (Mladenoff et al 1995Haight et al 1997;Massolo and Meriggi 1998;Mladenoff and Sickley 1998;Corsi et al 1999;Mladenoff et al 1999;Glenz et al 2001;Apollonio et al 2004;Cayuela 2004;Jedrzejewski et al 2004), but relatively few have examined habitat use by wolves in relatively natural systems.…”