Water safety: one of the primary objectives of our time

Collivignarelli, Carlo

doi:10.4136/ambi-agua.1994

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Hence, a transition to an integrated risk management approach for the management of DWSS from the catchment to the consumer tap was adopted at the beginning of 2004 [8]. e water safety plan (WSP) was introduced in the third edition of the World Health Organization's guidelines for drinking water quality (GDWQ) as a useful tool to systematically assess and manage risks in DWSSs from source to consumption point [1,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Health-Related Hazardous Events in the Drinking Water Supply System from Source to Tap in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Abuzerr

Mirfazaelian

Zinszer

et al. 2020

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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Background. The traditional approach in the management of the quality drinking water, and relying on end-product testing, has proven ineffective in protecting public health. Therefore, the transition to a systematic approach in drinking water supply systems management from the source to the consumer tap was taken as a water safety plan (WSP). Objective. The study aims to investigate the health-related hazardous events in order to decide on the best risk-reduction strategies in the supply of drinking water in the Gaza strip. Methods. A semiquantitative matrix method for risk assessment was applied. Also, chlorine residual, electrical conductivity, and nitrate concentration further tested in 109 water wells, 109 small-scale water desalination plants, 197 tanker trucks, and 384 households distributed over five governorates of the Gaza strip. Results. The mean of the measured chlorine residual values was less than the recommended national and international limits (0.2–1 mg/liter). The mean of electrical conductivity at catchment points and household municipal water taps was 2165.1 μS·cm−1 and 2000 μS·cm−1, respectively. Furthermore, zero percent of water samples met the recommended criteria, indicating that the groundwater in the Gaza strip is nonpotable. Only 12.8% and 8.8% of water samples met the permissible levels at catchment areas and municipal water at household, respectively, indicating sever health impacts on the public. Moreover, the most hazardous events were related to high levels of groundwater salinity, the low level of disinfection, the effect of electricity outages on the efficiency of the desalination process, and leakage of water from the tanker truck tank reservoirs. Therefore, urgent interventions are required to improve the quality of water and to mitigate the possible health effects. Conclusion. The prioritization of hazardous events that are proportional to the degree of their attributed risk could help guide in making the right risk-reduction decisions. Urgent interventions are required to improve the quality of water and to mitigate the possible health effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Health-Related Hazardous Events in the Drinking Water Supply System from Source to Tap in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Abuzerr

Mirfazaelian

Zinszer

et al. 2020

Journal of Environmental and Public Health

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“…Guaranteeing the availability and sustainable management of drinking water in compliance with regulatory requirements will increase consumer confidence (Omaka et al, 2015;Sorlini et al, 2017;Collivignarelli, 2017). Drinking water causes corrosion in the pipes used for transport (Gholizadeh et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of corrosive and scaling trend in drinking water systems in the city of Azogues, Ecuador

García-Ávila¹,

Fernández²,

Zhindón-Arévalo³

2018

Rev. ambiente água

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The quality of drinking water flowing in a distribution network can possess corrosive characteristics that may cause the material degradation of pipes and accessories. This problem can result in reduction of the service life of pipes and create a major public health problem. The agreement between the physical-chemical water quality analysis and national standards are not enough to confirm the balance of the water quality in terms of corrosion. In order to predict pipe corrosion in water distribution system networks, the corrosive trend was evaluated using the Langelier (LSI), Ryznar (RSI), and Larson-Skold (LRI) indexes based on measurements of pH, temperature, total dissolved solids, alkalinity, calcium hardness, sulfate and chloride. This study was setup with 180 samples collected in six zones of the distribution network, from July to December of 2017, according to the standard methods for the analysis of drinking water. The results indicate a variation of the LSI from -1.22 to -1.68; RSI from 9.75 to 10.52 and LRI from 0.46 to 0.77. A linear model was fitted for each index to predict the corrosion with the water quality conditions of this study case. Therefore, the drinking water of the city of Azogues, Ecuador has a corrosive tendency from significant to severe. Corrosion indices were calculated to provide useful information on the water's corrosiveness. These results indicate the need to constantly monitor the corrosion rate in the distribution network and conduct a laboratory study to adjust effective parameters such as pH, in order to control corrosion.

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“…Em paralelo à escolha dos indicadores, deve-se assegurar a proteção dos mananciais em relação ao uso e ocupação do solo, ou desenvolver uma legislação para controlar a contaminação dos recursos hídricos, de forma a incluir outros setores além do de saneamento, como agricultura, tráfego, turismo e desenvolvimento urbano. (WHO, 2017a;COLLIVIGNARELLI, 2017).…”

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Plano de segurança da água: parâmetros indicadores de qualidade da água para abastecimento público e inovações tecnológicas.

Cruz¹

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Water scarcity in Brazilian metropolitan regions has been aggravated by the characteristics of its own development. The disrupted urban expansion in watersheds, along with the lack of infrastructure for wastewater collection and treatment, has contributed to the degradation of water sources used for public supply. This is the reason why the population is more susceptible to waterborne diseases, and to the detrimental effects of the various types of contaminants present in the water. This condition requires the improvement of water and wastewater treatment systems, by using adequate technologies in order to promote safe drinking water for the population.This study is part of the Project Water Connection from the Public Federal Ministry and aims to observe the supply systems through the concept of multiple barriers, which consists in analyzing it from the water source up to the water distribution system, seeking to ensure its quality by means of the protection of fountainheads, definition of water quality standards and implementation of appropriate treatment systems; compare the process efficiency between the conventional system and the advanced systems, in order to promote the concept of best available technology; and to develop a simplified method for the characterization of water quality using control indicators. In this method, turbidity, pH, chemical toxicity, total organic carbon, electrical conductivity, enzyme inhibition potential and estrogenicity and androgenicity tests are considered, and its efficiency have been analyzed in relation to the standards of former Ministry of Health Ordinance nº. 2914 of 2011, which was repealed and incorporated in annex XX and XXI of Consolidation Ordinance nº 5 of 2017. The results obtained in this study demonstrated that water safety plans (WSP) enable better monitoring and control of treatment systems. In this way, the study and comparison of Brazilian legislation dealing with the quality of the raw water and drinking water was presented. In this analysis it was possible to verify that 40 (forty) indicators were repeated between the legislations, showing that there is no need to monitor them in both stages, in raw water and in the post-treatment. In addition, the WSP study demonstrated that the technologies used nowadays in Brazil are not efficient for removing many pollutants, such as organic and inorganic compounds, that is, there is a need to improve them. Thus, the best technologies currently used for the groups of organic and inorganic compounds, suspended solids and microorganisms were presented. Finally, the proposed control indicators are satisfactory in systems where advanced technologies are used together, demonstrating security in simplifying water quality standards.

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Water safety: one of the primary objectives of our time

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Health-Related Hazardous Events in the Drinking Water Supply System from Source to Tap in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Health-Related Hazardous Events in the Drinking Water Supply System from Source to Tap in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Estimation of corrosive and scaling trend in drinking water systems in the city of Azogues, Ecuador

Plano de segurança da água: parâmetros indicadores de qualidade da água para abastecimento público e inovações tecnológicas.

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