Virtual reality: A new paranasal sinus surgery simulator

Abstract

The newly developed system is a stable, fully operational simulator for sinus surgery based on standard PC hardware. Besides the limitations of a low-cost haptic device, the presented system is highly realistic regarding anatomy, visualization, manipulation, and the appearance of the tools. It is mainly intended for gaining surgical anatomy knowledge and for training navigation in a complex anatomical environment. Learning effects, including motor skills, have yet to be quantified.

From Planes to Brains: Parallels Between Military Development of Virtual Reality Environments and Virtual Neurological Surgery

“…In addition to running on a standard PC or Linux computer, it provides accurate visuohaptic representation of the anatomical space of interest as well as the interactively generated cut regions without any specially designed hardware (35). The program is also reported to be very stable compared with other programs, which exhaust computing resources.…”

“…Although ventriculostomy manikins are more widely available, systems have been introduced that provide realistic haptics for virtual ventriculostomy (11). More complex environments have also been converted into virtual realms for practicing temporal bone dissection, endoscopic approaches, and endovascular techniques (26,32,35).…”

“…The program is also reported to be very stable compared with other programs, which exhaust computing resources. The major limitation of SinuSurg is that its intended use with predefined training cases and patient-specific modeling is still inefficient (35). The TempoSurg simulator is already available for commercial use.…”

Virtual Surgery, Applications and Limitations

“…Cardiovascular simulation is the one which is taken into consideration more due to high risk level of this surgery [46][47][48]90]. Paranasal sinus surgery [91][92][93] is the simulation for Nose which make it easy to interact with nose before surgery. Liver is also taken into account [94][95][96].…”

Real-time interactive isosurfacing: a new method for improving marching isosurfacing algorithm output and efficiency

“…A popular technique employed in medical simulations visualises interactively changing volumetric data via specialised ray-tracing where only visible parts of the surface are processed (Tolsdorff et al 2007(Tolsdorff et al , 2010. Although ray-tracing is indispensable in certain situations, for example when using transparency to explore CT datasets, surface meshes are more commonplace in interactive applications not least because of the ease with which numerous rendering and lighting effects can be applied to further enhance visual realism (for example, texturing and bump-mapping).…”