Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) in Solid Organ Transplant Patients

Zuckerman, Richard A.; Limaye, Ajit P.

doi:10.1111/ajt.12003

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…[3][4][5] Seronegative renal transplant recipients with exposure to varicella can be given acyclovir, vala cyclovir or famciclovir for prophylaxis, varicellaspecific immunoglobulin can also be used. 35,36 In addition, intra venous immunoglobulin can be used when other modalities are not available; although unstudied, pooled antibodies might provide some protection. 36 Seropositive solid-organ transplant recipients are immune to de novo varicella disease but tend to develop zoster at much higher rates than the general population.…”

Section: Varicella and Zostermentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization after kidney transplantation—what is necessary and what is safe?

Kotton

2014

Nat Rev Nephrol

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Many transplant recipients are not protected against vaccine-preventable illnesses, primarily because vaccination is still an underutilized tool both before and after transplantation. This missed opportunity for protection can result in substantial morbidity, graft loss and mortality. Immunization strategies should be formulated early in the course of renal disease to maximize the likelihood of vaccine-induced immunity, particularly as booster or secondary antibody responses are less affected by immune compromise than are primary or de novo antibody responses in naive vaccine recipients. However, live vaccines should be avoided in immunocompromised hosts. Although some concern has been raised regarding increased HLA sensitization after vaccination, no clinical data to suggest harm currently exists; overall, non-live vaccines seem to be immunogenic, protective and safe. In organ transplant recipients, some vaccines are indicated based on specific risk factors and certain vaccines, such as hepatitis B, can protect against donor-derived infection. Vaccines given to close contacts of renal transplant recipients can provide an additional layer of protection against infectious diseases. In this article, optimal vaccination of adult transplant recipients, including safety, efficacy, indication and timing, is reviewed.

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Section: Varicella and Zostermentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunization after kidney transplantation—what is necessary and what is safe?

Kotton

2014

Nat Rev Nephrol

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“…Also, hand allograft recipients, similar to other solid organ recipients, occasionally suffer from herpes simplex virus or VZV infection. The incidence in organ allograft recipients is 10-to 100-fold higher than the general population (1% to 12%) [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Significant Infections After Hand Transplantation in a Polish Population

Kamińska

Kościelska‐Kasprzak

Márta

et al. 2014

Transplantation Proceedings

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“…Solid organ nakli olgularında tekrarlayan orofasiyal ve anogenital herpetik infeksiyonlar tanımlanmıştır ve disemine infeksiyon nadirdir. Solid organ nakli sonrasında rejeksiyon tedavisi uygulanması veya lö-kopeni gelişmesi immünosüpresyonu artırır ve infeksiyonun yaygın hale gelmesinde önemli bir risk faktörüdür (6). Bizim olgumuzda metotreksat intoksikasyonuyla birlikte lökopeni vardı.…”

Section: Olguunclassified

“…İmmün yetmezlikli hastalarda görülen ciddi HSV infeksiyonlarında sıklıkla veziküler/ülseratif lezyonlar, ateş, lökope-ni, trombositopeni ve hepatit, nadiren de mental değişiklikler, pnömoni ve hipotansiyon tanımlanmıştır (6). Bizim olgumuzda da benzer klinik bulgular ortaya çıkmıştır.…”

Section: Olguunclassified

“…Veziküler lezyonların tanısında yaygın olarak kullanılan Tzanck yayması kolay uygulanır ve ucuzdur. Ancak duyarlılığı düşüktür ve HSV infeksiyonunun lezyonları herpes zoster lezyonlarından ayırt edilemez (6). Bizim olgumuzda PCR yöntemiyle doğru tanının sağlanması, uygun antiviral tedavinin başlanmasını ve tedavi başarısını sağlamıştır.…”

Section: Olguunclassified

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Methotrexate Intoxication and Systemic Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in a Kidney Transplant Patient With Seronegative Arthropathy

Yeşil¹,

Sağlık²,

Ulukal³

et al. 2016

Klimik Dergisi

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Girişİnsan herpesvirusları arasında yer alan herpes simpleks virusu (HSV) 1 toplumda yaygındır ve aktif veya latent infeksiyonlara neden olmaktadır. Primer infeksiyon sırasında sinir sistemine yerleşerek kronik latent infeksiyon oluşturan virus zaman zaman aktive olarak, cilt veya mukozalarda tekrarlayan lezyonlara neden olmaktadır. Virus reaktivasyonunu yüksek ateş, ultraviyole ışınlar, menstrüasyon veya stres stimüle edebilir. HSV 1 genellikle ağız çevresi ve yüzde klasik veziküler ve/veya ülseratif lezyonlar yaparak herpetik stomatit, orolabiyal herpes ve keratit gibi lokal infeksiyonlara neden olur; ayrıca sporadik viral ensefalitin en sık nedenidir (1). İn-fekte kişilerle temas, ortak eşyaların kullanımı, otoinokü-lasyon veya cinsel temas yoluyla bulaşabilir; farklı vücut alanlarında infeksiyonlara neden olabilir (2,3).Metotreksat, sinoviyal hücre proliferasyonu ve inflamasyonunun eklemlerde destrüksiyon yapmasıyla karakterize, otoimmün sistemik bir hastalık olan romatoid artrit tedavisinde ilk tercih edilen ilaçlardan biridir (4). Metotreksat bir dihidrofolat redüktaz enzim inhibitörüdür ve bu nedenle timidilat yapımını ve DNA sentezini azaltarak hızlı çoğalma özelliği olan dokuları özellikle kemik iliğini, oral mukoza ve gastrointestinal sistemi etkiler (5).Bu yazıda ateş, boğaz ağrısı, ağız çevresinde belirgin olan ve tüm vücuda yayılan döküntüler nedeniyle has- AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 commonly causes local skin infection around the mouth and face. However, infection may become widespread and can be more severe especially in people with immunodeficiency. Methotrexate is an antiproliferative and antifolate drug which is used successfully in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. On the other hand, it is associated with severe toxicity and side effects. In this article, a 53-year-old patient who applied to our hospital due to the rashes all over the body and apparent around the mouth, beside fever is presented. The patient who has been receiving methotrexate treatment because of rheumatoid arthritis had kidney transplantation five years ago. HSV 1 viremia was detected in the patient and the symptoms improved quickly with acyclovir. Klimik Dergisi 2016; 29(1): 43-6.

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Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) in Solid Organ Transplant Patients

Cited by 63 publications

References 90 publications

Immunization after kidney transplantation—what is necessary and what is safe?

Immunization after kidney transplantation—what is necessary and what is safe?

Significant Infections After Hand Transplantation in a Polish Population

Methotrexate Intoxication and Systemic Herpes Simplex Virus Infection in a Kidney Transplant Patient With Seronegative Arthropathy

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