Variations in leptin, nesfatin-1 and irisin levels induced by aerobic exercise in young trained and untrained male subjects

Abstract

The aims of this study were to investigate the impacts of acute aerobic exercise on circulating levels of hormones associated with energy metabolism, namely leptin, nesfatin-1 and irisin, in trained and untrained male subjects and to determine whether the timing of the exercise (i.e. morning or night) amplified these impacts. Thirty trained (19.2±0.7 years) and 30 untrained (19.5±0.6 years) male subjects performed two aerobic running exercises (3 days between tests) to 64-76% of the subjects’ maximal heart rate for about 30 min. Pre- and post-exercise venous blood samples were taken and analysed for leptin, nesfatin-1 and irisin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Paired samples and independent samples t-tests were used to analyse data. Irisin levels increased in all the subjects (p<0.001). In both groups, nesfatin-1 levels increased significantly after the night-time exercise (p<0.05). Importantly, leptin and nesfatin-1 levels varied among the trained and untrained groups: Both leptin and nesfatin-1 levels increased in 4 (13%) and 12 (40%) subjects, respectively, after the morning exercises, and they increased in 9 (30%) and 10 (33%) subjects, respectively, after the night-time exercise. They decreased in 5 (16%) and 7 (23%) subjects, respectively, after the morning exercise and in 6 (20%) and 3 (10%) subjects, respectively, after the night-time exercise. Exercise may result in increased energy consumption by altering irisin levels. However, due to variations among individuals, increasing leptin and nesfatin-1 levels by reducing food intake may not be applicable.

A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of 12 Weeks of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Exercises Training on the Serum Levels of Nesfatin-1, Irisin-1 and HOMA-IR

“…It is generally accepted that exercise has important beneficial effects on metabolic disorders associated with impaired energy homeostasis (Algul et al, 2017 ). It is also known that a delicate balance exists in the ratio of energy expenditure to energy intake and that the molecular mechanism underlying this balance is complex (Hawley and Holloszy, 2009 ).…”

“…It is also known that a delicate balance exists in the ratio of energy expenditure to energy intake and that the molecular mechanism underlying this balance is complex (Hawley and Holloszy, 2009 ). Many critical processes, including those related to hormonal factors and the nervous system, play important roles in maintaining this balance (Algul et al, 2017 ). The importance of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue as secretory organs of many energy-regulating hormones is well-known (Luo and Liu, 2016 ).…”

“…Irisin-1 is an exercise-related hormone that increases the rate of energy consumption and reflects the individual's metabolic status. Irisin-1 is an important agent for evaluating the effect of treatment of diseases associated with metabolic impairment including obesity and diabetes (Algul et al, 2017 ).…”

The combined effect of dietary supplement “Leptin Manager” and power fitness exercises on weight loss in women with different LEPR (rs1137101) genotypes

“…Therefore, after the morning training, the level of leptin increased in 13% of subjects and decreased in 16% of subjects. After the evening workout, it increased in 30% of subjects and decreased in 20% of subjects (Algul et al, 2017). The study casts doubt on the assertion that leptin is a hormone, induced by physical exercises.…”

Eccentric resistance training and β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate free acid affects muscle PGC-1α expression and serum irisin, nesfatin-1 and resistin

“…Exercise has numerous influences on multiple gut peptides and consequently energy balance (Dorling et al, 2018). Studies have investigated the effects of different modes of exercise training on PGC-1α (Dinas et al, 2017;Jung and Kim, 2014;Norheim et al, 2014), irisin (Dinas et al, 2017;Norheim et al, 2014;Samy et al, 2015), nesfatin-1 (Algul et al, 2017;Ghanbari Niaki et al, 2013b;Ghanbari-Niaki et al, 2010;Mogharnasi et al, 2018) and resistin (Cobbold, 2018;Shafiee and Sharifi, 2017;García-Hermoso et al, 2017). However, the effects of HMB on these factors have not been investigated widely.…”