Variasi morfologi puparium Bemisa tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) pada berbagai inang dan ketinggian tempat dari daerah endemik penyakit kuning cabai di Wilayah Sundaland

Abstract

<p><em>Bemisia tabaci </em>(Gennadius) is one of polyphagous whitefly that has been known as gemini virus vector. The identification of <em>B. tabaci</em> is carried out based on pupal case or puparium of red eye fouth stage. The morphological variation of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium leads to the difficulties on species identification. This research was aimed to study the morphological variations of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium that has been found in various host plants at various altitude. Samples of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium were obtained from Sundaland endemic area of pepper yellow curl disease virus endemic areas including West Sumatra, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Bali, South Kalimantan. Slides-mounted were made from puparium and then identification was carried out to species<em>.</em> Observations have been conducted on <em>B. tabaci </em>puparial size, puparial shape, number of elongated dorsal setae, and caudal setae size. Canonical correlation analysis was applied to determine the factors that affected the puparium morphological variation. Based on the results, there were four variations of puparium: oval, oval with 1–2 indentations, oval with more than 3 indentations, and sea shell shapes. The variation observed on dorsal setae number<em>, </em>puparial shape, and size of <em>B. tabaci</em> were supposed due to the induction of trichomes on the leaves surface. Puparium variations were affected by host plants instead of altitude.</p>

Distribution of Yellow Curly Leaf Disease in Chili Plantations in Southeast Sulawesi and Identification of the Causes

“…Kehilangan hasil karena penyakit kuning dilaporkan 20%-100% (Sulandari 2006;Setiawati et al 2008). Penyakit ini telah menyebar luas di Indonesia, di antaranya di Kalimantan Selatan (Aidawati et al 2001), Yogyakarta (Sulandari 2006), Sumatera (Sudiono et al 2005;Kesumawati et al 2019;Rahayuwati et al 2020;), Sulawesi Tenggara (Taufik et al 2018), Bali dan Pulau Nusa Penida (Selangga dan Listihani 2021). Laporan penyakit kuning tersebut belum seluruhnya disertai dengan identifikasi penyebab penyakitnya, termasuk penyakit kuning di Sulawesi Tenggara.…”

“…Kutukebul bersifat invasif dan polifagus dengan kisaran inang yang luas, termasuk tanaman cabai. Walaupun demikian, jenis tanaman inang menentukan beberapa sifat kutukebul di antaranya siklus hidup, keperidian, nisbah kelamin, dan juga variasi morfologi puparium (Hidayat et al 2020;Rahayuwati et al 2020). Belum ada informasi tentang keberadaan serangga vektor kutukebul yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit kuning pada tanaman cabai di Sulawesi Tenggara.…”