ABSTRAKBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) dikenal mempunyai variasi genetik tinggi dan merupakan hama penting pada tanaman hortikultura sekaligus sebagai vektor Geminivirus. Penyakit kuning pada cabai yang disebabkan oleh Geminivirus dan ditularkan oleh B. tabaci menjadi masalah penting di Indonesia mengingat kerugian yang ditimbulkan dapat mencapai 100%. Informasi mengenai genetik B. tabaci yang berasosiasi dengan penyakit kuning cabai di Indonesia masih sedikit. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui identitas genetik B. tabaci. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui identitas genetik B. tabaci yang diperoleh dari daerah endemik penyakit kuning cabai di Indonesia bagian barat. Kegiatan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi 1) pengambilan sampel B. tabaci dari daerah endemik penyakit kuning cabai di Indonesia bagian barat; 2) ekstraksi DNA total satu individu B. tabaci dari hasil pengambilan sampel; 3) amplifikasi fragmen gen mitokondria sitokrom oksidase I (mtCOI) dengan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR); 4) perunutan DNA fragmen gen mtCOI; 5) analisis filogenetika fragmen gen mtCOI hasil ekstraksi, dibandingkan dengan fragmen gen mtCOI yang sudah didepositkan di gen bank National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). Hasil analisis filogenetika menggunakan fragmen gen mtCOI diperoleh hasil bahwa sampel B. tabaci yang berasal dari daerah endemik penyakit kuning cabai di Indonesia Bagian Barat berada dalam satu golongan, yaitu kelompok wilayah Asia I. Identitas genetik B. tabaci dari daerah endemik cabai di Indonesia bagian barat tidak bervariasi dengan ditandai kladogram yang politomi.Kata kunci: Bemisia tabaci, biotipe non B, kelompok Asia I, mtCOI, vektor Geminivirus ABSTRACTBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important horticulture pest and is know to be a vector of Geminivirus. Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PYLCIV) is caused by Geminivirus, know to be transmitted by B. tabaci. It became an important disease in pepper and could cause 100% yield loss. Currently there is limited information concerning the genetic of B. tabaci associated with Geminivirus in Indonesia. It is therefore important to investigate the genetic identity of B.
<p><em>Bemisia tabaci </em>(Gennadius) is one of polyphagous whitefly that has been known as gemini virus vector. The identification of <em>B. tabaci</em> is carried out based on pupal case or puparium of red eye fouth stage. The morphological variation of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium leads to the difficulties on species identification. This research was aimed to study the morphological variations of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium that has been found in various host plants at various altitude. Samples of <em>B. tabaci</em> puparium were obtained from Sundaland endemic area of pepper yellow curl disease virus endemic areas including West Sumatra, West Java, Central Java, East Java, Bali, South Kalimantan. Slides-mounted were made from puparium and then identification was carried out to species<em>.</em> Observations have been conducted on <em>B. tabaci </em>puparial size, puparial shape, number of elongated dorsal setae, and caudal setae size. Canonical correlation analysis was applied to determine the factors that affected the puparium morphological variation. Based on the results, there were four variations of puparium: oval, oval with 1–2 indentations, oval with more than 3 indentations, and sea shell shapes. The variation observed on dorsal setae number<em>, </em>puparial shape, and size of <em>B. tabaci</em> were supposed due to the induction of trichomes on the leaves surface. Puparium variations were affected by host plants instead of altitude.</p>
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