Uterine tumour resembling an ovarian sex cord tumour

Abstract

Endometrial stromal sarcomas account for 0.25% of all uterine malignancies. These tumours were originally divided into low grade and high grade stromal sarcomas, but the recent World Health Organisation classification (2003) recognises low grade stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma. Low grade sarcomas may exhibit other forms of differentiation, including smooth muscle and sex cord differentiation. In the latter form, the tumour contains epithelial-like or sex cord-like elements often with epithelioid appearance, arranged in nests, cords, trabeculae, solid, or tubular structures. If this element predominates, the tumour is considered to be a uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour, and may cause diagnostic difficulties. This case report describes the histological and immunohistochemical features of a uterine stromal sarcoma showing exclusively a pattern reminiscent of ovarian sex cord tumour.

Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma - A Clinico-Pathological Study

“…If this element predominates, the tumour is considered to be a uterine tumour resembling ovarian sex cord tumour and may cause diagnostic difficulties. [10] In the present study, 7 of the 11 patients (63.6%) showed recurrence of the disease; 2 patients each after 1 month, one patient each after 2, 5, 6, 9 and 51 months. The median time for recurrence was 5 months.…”

Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors, a clinicopathologic study of six cases

“…AE1/3, CK 18, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), SMA, DES, α-inhibin, calretinin, melan A, CD99, WT-1, CD56, PGR, estrogen receptor (ER), and vimentin constitute a panel of the most useful markers, according to previously published series of UTROSCT. As some of these markers stain only focally, none of them is specific enough when used alone, and a broad antibody panel should be applied for UTROSCT diagnostics [6,8,12,[14][15][16]. In addition, the variety of microscopic patterns indicative of the heterogeneous nature of the UTROSCT requires careful macroscopic examination and a generous sampling of the tumor for histopathologic examination [6].…”

CD56 might be a useful diagnostic marker of müllerian-derived tumors: report of an uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor (UTROSCT) suggesting polyphenotypic origin and review of the literature

“…Various immunoreactivity with epithelial, myoid and hormone receptors were shown besides sex cord-stromal markers. Specifically, inhibin, calretinin, CD99, melan-A, and recently CD56 have been accepted as immunohistochemical markers of sex cord differentiation based on application of these markers to sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary [2,3,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][17][18][19]. Calretinin may be a more sensitive but less specific marker than inhibin [20,21].…”

“…These unusual groups of stromal neoplasm exhibiting prominent sex cord-like differentiation are very rare. Their histogenesis is controversial as whether they represent a variant of endometrial stromal tumor (EST) or a separate tumor [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. However, World Health Organization of tumors of the uterine corpus, UTROSCT was placed in the miscellaneous category [12].…”

“…while inhibin was focal positive. Focal positivity for CD10, CD99, and WT-1 is well described in these tumors but none of these markers is also specific [3,22,23]. According to Irving's report, they recommended the use of two markers of sex cord differentiation (calretinin and one of the melan-A, CD99, or inhibin) [5].…”