Using thermography as a diagnostic tool for omphalitis on newborn calves

Shecaira, Carolina de Lara; Seino, Caroline Harumi; Bombardelli, Juliana Aparecida; Reis, Gabriela Alves; Fusada, E. J; Azedo, Milton Ricardo; Benesi, Fernando José

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.11.014

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This method may also detect changes in the inner core temperature, such as fever. However, infrared thermography is intended for use as an automatic health surveillance tool and should not replace the examination of individual animals [ 104 ].…”

Section: Welfare Of Dairy Cows and Precision Livestock Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Technologies to Address Dairy Cattle Welfare: Focus on Lameness, Mastitis and Body Condition

Silva

Araújo

Guedes

et al. 2021

Animals

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Specific animal-based indicators that can be used to predict animal welfare have been the core of protocols for assessing the welfare of farm animals, such as those produced by the Welfare Quality project. At the same time, the contribution of technological tools for the accurate and real-time assessment of farm animal welfare is also evident. The solutions based on technological tools fit into the precision livestock farming (PLF) concept, which has improved productivity, economic sustainability, and animal welfare in dairy farms. PLF has been adopted recently; nevertheless, the need for technological support on farms is getting more and more attention and has translated into significant scientific contributions in various fields of the dairy industry, but with an emphasis on the health and welfare of the cows. This review aims to present the recent advances of PLF in dairy cow welfare, particularly in the assessment of lameness, mastitis, and body condition, which are among the most relevant animal-based indications for the welfare of cows. Finally, a discussion is presented on the possibility of integrating the information obtained by PLF into a welfare assessment framework.

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Section: Welfare Of Dairy Cows and Precision Livestock Farmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision Technologies to Address Dairy Cattle Welfare: Focus on Lameness, Mastitis and Body Condition

Silva

Araújo

Guedes

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…In contrast to this, IRT was more commonly used for monitoring body surface temperatures in the context of studies relating to pigs ( n = 10; 9.17%), the remainder being concerned with cattle ( n = 5; 4.59%) and sheep ( n = 1; 0.92%). Of these papers, 75% were concerned with young animals, namely piglets, calves and lambs, where IRT was applied to thermoregulation capabilities in neonates ( 55 , 96 ), vaccine response ( 89 ) and diseases specific to young animals ( 13 , 27 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some cameras have multiple lenses to allow for different applications. Reported fields-of-view ranged from 15° to 45° ( 11 , 27 , 63 , 68 , 83 , 93 , 114 ). Montanholi et al reported the use of all available lenses with one of the IR cameras they used in their research (a FLIR SC2000 with 12°, 24° and 45° lenses) and applied each lens at different distances and experimental settings ( 46 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermography for disease detection in livestock: A scoping review

et al. 2022

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Infra-red thermography (IRT) offers potential opportunities as a tool for disease detection in livestock. Despite considerable research in this area, there are no common standards or protocols for managing IRT parameters in animal disease detection research. In this review, we investigate parameters that are essential to the progression of this tool and make recommendations for their use based on the literature found and the veterinary thermography guidelines from the American Academy of Thermology. We analyzed a defined set of 109 articles concerned with the use of IRT in livestock related to disease and from these articles, parameters for accurate IRT were identified and sorted into the fields of camera-, animal- or environment-related categories to assess the practices of each article in reporting parameters. This review demonstrates the inconsistencies in practice across peer-reviewed articles and reveals that some important parameters are completely unreported while others are incorrectly captured and/or under-represented in the literature. Further to this, our review highlights the lack of measured emissivity values for live animals in multiple species. We present guidelines for the standards of parameters that should be used and reported in future experiments and discuss potential opportunities and challenges associated with using IRT for disease detection in livestock.

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“…O exame clínico é indispensável como ferramenta diagnóstica em casos de onfalites, e fornece informações valiosas [17]. Pode-se ainda utilizar métodos complementares como ultrassonografia [13], termografia [14] e laparoscopia [11], apesar do menor acesso ou disponibilidade. Os sinais clínicos apresentados por todos os animais examinados neste estudo eram convergentes com aqueles descritos na literatura [14,15], o que permitiu o diagnóstico através de exame físico geral e específico.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Pode-se ainda utilizar métodos complementares como ultrassonografia [13], termografia [14] e laparoscopia [11], apesar do menor acesso ou disponibilidade. Os sinais clínicos apresentados por todos os animais examinados neste estudo eram convergentes com aqueles descritos na literatura [14,15], o que permitiu o diagnóstico através de exame físico geral e específico. Entretanto, apesar de ser um dos principais indicativos visuais, juntamente com o aumento de volume local, secreção purulenta foi observada em 60% dos casos apenas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Surgical Approach in Calves with Omphalitis

Boscarato

Martins

Pacheco

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:Pathological changes in the umbilical region are common in calves. Among such alterations, omphalitis is included. This term is used to define inflammation and infection of the external structures of the umbilicus. According to the affected structures, it can be subclassified into omphalophlebitis, omphaloarteritis, omphalourachitis and panvasculitis. These inflammations are usually associated with bacterial infections. There are predisposing conditions that include inadequate handling such as poor hygiene and neglect of primary care. Omphalitis can affect the animal in a multisystemic way, compromising its well-being and bringing economic losses. In treatment, the use of antimicrobials does not always solve the problem. Thus, surgical treatment can be used, which has good results and should be the choice in the disease. The objective of this work is to report 30 cases of omphalitis in calves, submitted to surgical or conservative treatment.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty cases of omphalitis in calves treated in the routine of the Veterinary Hospital of the Paranaense University was analyzed. On physical examination, the animals presented fever, apathy, hyporexia or anorexia and increase of umbilical volume, usually with purulent secretion. Some animals had sepsis and arthritis. In animals with sepsis, hyperemia of the episcleral vessels, dehydration and severe apathy were observed. In calves with arthritis, increased joint volume, pain on palpation and lameness were observed. In animals where the owners did not authorize the surgery, treatment was instituted with sulfadoxine and flunixim meglumine. In dehydrated calves, fluid therapy was used. Animals that were surgically treated received the same clinical treatment protocol as non-operated animals. The surgical procedure was performed under general anesthesia and consisted of resection of the affected umbilical structures. Omphalophlebitis was the most common illness. The most frequent complication was sepsis. Calves treated surgically had a higher survival rate (86.66%) than those treated clinically (46.67%).Discussion: The clinical signs presented by all animals converged with the literature, allowing for clinical diagnosis. Clinical examination is essential for diagnosis in omphalitis cases. Complementary methods include ultrasound, thermography and laparoscopy, which are important to identify changes in intra-abdominal umbilical structures. Accurate diagnosis of the involved structures was only possible in animals surgically, as well as alterations in organs such as the liver and bladder. There is great variability related to the umbilical structures involved, according to initial care, breeds, seasonality or even the method of conception. Unlike what is observed in the literature, in the present study, there was a higher prevalence of omphalophlebitis, demonstrating variability in relation to the umbilical structures involved. Sepsis, observed in 16.7% of cases, results from bacterial ascension of the umbilical structures. Lameness due to polyarthritis was found in 10% of animals. Meningoencephalitis was observed in 3.3%. Hepatic and retroperitoneal abscedation were observed in 6.7% and 3.3% of cases, respectively. Conservative treatment with antibiotics and local antiseptics has a limited effect on this type of condition, which was proven in the presentstudy, since the survival rate was statistically higher in animalssurgically treated.Keywords: surgery, umbilical structures, bovine, neonate.Descritores: cirurgia, estruturas umbilicais, bovinos, neonato.Título: Surgical Approach in Calves with Omphalitis

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Using thermography as a diagnostic tool for omphalitis on newborn calves

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Precision Technologies to Address Dairy Cattle Welfare: Focus on Lameness, Mastitis and Body Condition

Precision Technologies to Address Dairy Cattle Welfare: Focus on Lameness, Mastitis and Body Condition

Thermography for disease detection in livestock: A scoping review

Surgical Approach in Calves with Omphalitis

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