Use of Acid, Rose Bengal, and Streptomycin in the Plate Method for Estimating Soil Fungi

Martin, James P.

doi:10.1097/00010694-195003000-00006

Cited by 1,171 publications

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“…Before sedimentation of the soil particles, an aliquot of 1 mL was pipetted out of the suspension and serially diluted to 10 -4 through 10 -6 for fungus isolation, and to 10 -5 through 10 -7 for bacterial isolation. For isolation of Fusarium sp., the diluted suspensions were incubated in Petri dishes with the Fusarium sp.-selective medium proposed by Martin (1950), supplemented with 60 mg mL -1 of streptomycin sulphate and 70 mg mL -1 of stain Rose Bengal. For bacteria isolation, the nutrient agar medium was supplemented with 10 µg mL -1 of cyclohexamide.…”

Section: Effect Of Mbm On Soil Bacteria Fungi and Nematofauna In A mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse and field assessment of different organic compounds against guava-parasitic Meloidogyne enterolobii

et al. 2012

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Guava decline is a complex disease involving Meloidogyne enterolobii and Fusarium solani and it has caused major direct losses to Brazilian growers. Although several strategies have been sought to control the nematode, the use of organic soil amendments is currently the best approach to manage this disease. To assess the best amount of meat and bone meal (MBM) to be incorporated into the soil, guava seedlings inoculated with M. enterolobii were treated with 1-5% v/v of the MBM. Ninety days later variables related to nematode reproduction and plant development were evaluated, which indicated a potential nematicidal effect of the MBM at 3%. Another experiment assessed nematode-and plant-related variables 90 days after treatment of the seedlings with MBM, chitosan, shrimp shell or neem cake at 3%, 0.05%, 2% and 0.1% v/v, respectively. The MBM ranked first, reducing nematode reproduction. This MBM rate was converted to 25 kg/tree and assessed in three application regimes (monthly, bimonthly or trimonthly), for six months, in an orchard affected by guava decline. The variables assessed were soil density of colony forming units (CFU) of bacteria and fungus, and soil and/or root density of M. enterolobii, Helicotylenchus sp., and of different nematode trophic groups. In all three application regimes the MBM reduced all plantparasitic nematodes in the soil and the fungus CFUs. It also promoted an increase in bacterial CFU and bacterivorous nematodes.Key words: Psidium guajava, Fusarium solani, neem cake, chitosan, shrimp shell, cultural control, guava decline, meat and bone meal. Avaliação em casa de vegetação e em campo de diferentes compostos orgânicos contra Meloidogyne enterolobiiResumo O declínio da goiabeira, uma doença complexa envolvendo Meloidogyne enterolobii e Fusarium solani, tem causado grandes prejuízos diretos para os produtores brasileiros. Apesar de várias estratégias terem sido discutidas para o controle do nematoide, a utilização de matéria orgânica adicionada ao solo é atualmente a melhor abordagem para conviver com essa doença. Para avaliar a dose adequada de farinha de carne e ossos (FCO) a ser incorporada ao solo, mudas de goiabeira inoculadas com M. enterolobii foram tratadas com 1-5% v/v da FCO. Noventa dias após foram avaliadas variáveis relacionadas à reprodução do nematoide e ao desenvolvimento das plantas, indicando um possível efeito nematicida da FCO a 3%. Outro experimento avaliou variáveis relacionadas ao nematoide e à planta 90 dias após o tratamento das mudas com FCO, quitosana, casca de camarão e torta de nem a 3%, 0,05%, 2% e 0,1% v/v, respectivamente. A FCO reduziu a reprodução do nematoide, destacando-se em relação aos demais tratamentos. Esta dosagem de FCO foi convertida para 25 kg planta -1 e avaliada em três regimes de aplicação (mensal, bimestral ou trimestral), por seis meses, em pomar de goiaba acometido pelo declínio. As variáveis avaliadas foram densidade no solo de unidades formadoras de colônia (UFC) de bactérias e fungos, e a densidade no solo e/ou raiz de M. en...

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Section: Effect Of Mbm On Soil Bacteria Fungi and Nematofauna In A mentioning

confidence: 99%

Greenhouse and field assessment of different organic compounds against guava-parasitic Meloidogyne enterolobii

et al. 2012

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“…For comparison of the DM method with the RB method, we prepared LCA plates with 0.0033% RB following James et al 2) LCA with 0.0033% RB was sterilized at 121 C for 20 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…James et al suggested the use of Rose Bengal (RB) in fungus media to reduce the spread of fungal colonies. 2) RB is a photosensitizer that causes singlet oxygen toxicity and a genetic response (glutathione peroxidase homologous gene, Gpxh). 3) Curl et al tested various concentrations of 42 dyes, alkaloids, plant-growth regulators, and miscellaneous chemicals as substitutes for RB.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of a Method Incorporating Treatment with Daunomycin for the Selective Isolation of Slower-Growing Fungi

Sugimoto¹,

Watanabe²,

Isshiki³

2008

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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“…In each dish, a 1-g sample of damp soil was collected from 12 to 15 points on the surface of the soil and suspended in 9 mL of a 0.1% (v v -1 ) solution of Tween 80 ® . Serial dilutions were performed from the initial suspension, and these dilutions were used to seed 0.1 mL in Petri dishes that contained culture media to determine the populations of B. bassiana (Joussier & Catroux 1976, juice and oxygall), bacteria (Bunt & Rovira, 1955), fungi (Martin, 1950), and actinomycetes (Hsu & Lockwood, 1973). For each fungicide, a trial was performed using a completely randomized design with four repetitions per treatment.…”

Section: Soil Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

<b>Population density of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> in soil under the action of fungicides and native microbial populations

et al. 2017

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ABSTRACT. This study investigated whether populations of naturally-occurring soil bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes influence the effect of fungicides on the survival and growth of Beauveria bassiana. The toxicity of methyl thiophanate, pyraclostrobin, mancozeb and copper oxychloride at the recommended doses was analyzed in culture medium and in soil inoculated with fungus at various time points after addition of fungicides. All fungicides completely inhibited the growth and sporulation of B. bassiana in the culture medium. The fungicides were less toxic in soil, emphasizing the action of the microbial populations, which interfered with the toxic effects of these products to the fungus. Actinomycetes had the greatest influence on the entomopathogen, inhibiting it or degrading the fungicides to contribute to the survival and growth of B. bassiana in soil. Native populations of fungi and bacteria had a smaller influence on the population density of B. bassiana and the action of fungicides towards entomopathogen. The toxic effect of the fungicides was greater when added to the soil one hour before or after inoculation than at 48h after inoculation.Keywords: biological control, entomopathogenic fungus, soil microorganisms, compatibility, toxicity.Densidade populacional de Beauveria bassiana no solo sob a ação de fungicidas e de populações microbianas nativas RESUMO. Este estudo investigou se as populações nativas de bactérias, fungos e actinomicetos do solo influenciam a ação de fungicidas na sobrevivência e crescimento de Beauveria bassiana. A toxicidade de tiofanatometil, piraclostrobina, mancozeb e oxicloreto de cobre usados nas doses recomendadas pelos fabricantes, foi analisada no meio de cultura e no solo inoculado com o fungo após diferentes períodos de adição dos fungicidas. Todos os fungicidas inibiram completamente o crescimento e esporulação de B. bassiana no meio de cultura. No solo, os fungicidas foram menos tóxicos, enfatizando-se a ação das populações microbianas que interferiram na toxicidade destes produtos para o fungo. Os actinomicetos mostraram a maior influência; inibiram B. bassiana ou degradaram os fungicidas, contribuindo para a sobrevivência e crescimento do fungo no solo. As populações nativas de fungos e bactérias tiveram menor influência sobre a densidade populacional de B. bassiana e na ação dos fungicidas para o entomopatógeno. A toxicidade dos fungicidas foi maior quando adicionados ao solo uma hora antes ou após a inoculação do fungo, do que 48h após.Palavras-chave: controle biológico, fungo entomopatogênico, micro-organismos do solo, compatibilidade, toxicidade.

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Use of Acid, Rose Bengal, and Streptomycin in the Plate Method for Estimating Soil Fungi

Cited by 1,171 publications

References 0 publications

Greenhouse and field assessment of different organic compounds against guava-parasitic Meloidogyne enterolobii

Greenhouse and field assessment of different organic compounds against guava-parasitic Meloidogyne enterolobii

Application of a Method Incorporating Treatment with Daunomycin for the Selective Isolation of Slower-Growing Fungi

<b>Population density of <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> in soil under the action of fungicides and native microbial populations

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