Ultraconformable organic devices

Ferrari, Laura M.; Taccola, Silvia; Barsotti, Jonathan; Mattoli, Virgilio; Greco, Francesco

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818890-3.00015-1

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Other approaches utilize different transfer techniques to solve this issue. 18,19 Recently, various approaches to ultraconformable electronics 15 examples and features of electronics on TT 5 have been reviewed, highlighting the opportunities and challenges.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 This makes them great candidates for manufactured conformable devices. 15 In order to build up a complete conformable electronic system on board of a transferable thin substrate, ad-hoc fabrication strategies are needed for several electronic subcomponents, such as organic field-effect transistors 20 and power supply (e.g., fuel cell, batteries, solar cells). 21,24,27,28 Among various subcomponents, organic photodiodes (OPDs) are quite interesting as they could be used for receiving optical signals for both sensing and communication purposes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, recent examples include tattoo-based edible electronics on foods and drugs, monitoring of crops, and sensing of microclimate and growth with so-called “plant wearables”. , With the right choice of materials, conformal devices can also enable novel directions for “transient electronics” − and in the development of, for example, transient sensors that can safely degrade in the environment after their use. Materials other than TT have been used for wearable electronics ,− and some have shown superior stretchability. However, often they are thicker and therefore lose some conformability and are more noticeable when worn, especially over an extended period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporary Tattoo Approach for a Transferable Printed Organic Photodiode

Burtscher

Leising

Greco

2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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Generation of ultrathin, transferable, and imperceptible electronic devices [e.g., organic photodiode (OPD)] for multiple applications, such as personalized health monitors and wearables, is emerging due to the continuous development of materials and manufacturing processes. For such devices, the choice of a suitable substrate is of utmost importance. A water decal transfer from a temporary tattoo paper is adopted here as a substrate for ultrathin and conformable organic components because of easy and reliable transfer of a ≈600 nm robust and transparent polymer nanofilm of ethyl cellulose. Strategies for the fabrication of a transferable OPD on a temporary tattoo are investigated. A device with an overall thickness <1 μm and its performance after transfer are demonstrated. Then, efforts are put into fabricating an OPD by inkjet printing with a water-soluble active layer consisting of polythiophene and fullerene derivatives to aid cost- and material-efficient, large-scale production possibilities. Additionally, a second semitransparent electrode made of printed aluminum-doped zinc oxide and silver nanowires is used to allow usage from both sides to enhance the application potential. Both OPD examples presented here need improvement of the device performance but permitted us to highlight the versatility and application potential of temporary tattoos for transferable components. Target surfaces for the final application after transfer include artificial (flat and smooth, e.g., glass, or even complex and rough, e.g., concrete, paper, and so forth) as well as natural ones.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporary Tattoo Approach for a Transferable Printed Organic Photodiode

Burtscher

Leising

Greco

2021

ACS Appl. Electron. Mater.

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“…A specific application of stretchable conductors, everincreasing in importance, is to be used as connectors for thin and soft electronic devices, and especially for conformable wearables. With the field of wearable and epidermal electronics growing at a steady pace, novel challenges for material science and engineering are emerging, recently reviewed (Heikenfeld et al, 2018;Gao et al, 2020;Ferrari et al, 2021). Here, combined with the necessary functionality and stretchability, new important requirements can come into play, such as a good match with elastic properties of the skin or other tissues, breathability, compatibility, and high stability at temperatures used for processing of other components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the advancements of wearable and tattoo electronics, the wiring of these soft thin devices to external acquisition systems still poses several challenges, especially as regards their mechanical stability and establishment of good electrical contact. Several methods have been proposed to address these challenges (Ferrari et al, 2021), but not all of them can be realized with printing technologies to enable real mass-scale adoption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed and Laser-Scribed Stretchable Conductors on Thin Elastomers for Soft and Wearable Electronics

2021

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As printed electronics is evolving toward applications in biosensing and wearables, the need for novel routes to fabricate flat, lightweight, stretchable conductors is increasing in importance but still represents a challenge, limiting the actual adoption of ultrathin wearable devices in real scenarios. A suitable strategy for creating soft yet robust and stretchable interconnections in the aforementioned technological applications is to use print-related techniques to pattern conductors on top of elastomer substrates. In this study, some thin elastomeric sheets—two forms of medical grade thermoplastic polyurethanes and a medical grade silicone—are considered as suitable substrates. Their mechanical, surface, and moisture barrier properties—relevant for their application in soft and wearable electronics—are first investigated. Various approaches are tested to pattern conductors, based on screen printing of 1) conducting polymer [poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)] or 2) stretchable Ag ink and 3) laser scribing of laser-induced graphene (LIG). The electromechanical properties of these materials are investigated by means of tensile testing and concurrent electrical measurements up to a maximum strain of 100%. Performance of the different stretchable conductors is compared and rationalized, evidencing the differences in onset and propagation of failure. LIG conductors embedded into MPU have shown the best compromise in terms of electromechanical performance for the envisioned application. LIG/MPU showed full recovery of initial resistance after multiple stretching up to 30% strain and recovery of functionality even after 100% stretch. These have been then used in a proof-of-concept application as connectors for a wearable tattoo biosensor, providing a stable and lightweight connection for external wiring.

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Ultrathin, Ultra‐Conformable, and Free‐Standing Tattooable Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Barsotti

Rapidis

Hirata

et al. 2021

Adv Elect Materials

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A novel tattooable, ultrathin, green organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) fabricated on top of commercial temporary tattoo paper, is demonstrated. The transfer mechanism relies on dissolution of the sacrificial layer typically incorporated in paper‐tattoos. The ready‐to‐use device can be stored on the tattoo substrate and released on the target surface at a later time, simply by a slight wetting of the tattoo paper with water. This approach provides a quick and easy method of transferring OLEDs on virtually any surface. This is particularly appealing, in perspective, for on‐skin and disposable electronic applications. The proof of concept demonstrates, for the very first time, the feasibility of ultrathin operational OLED tattoos. While the performance of such devices is not yet comparable with that of OLEDs on rigid or flexible non‐tattooable substrates, the results show the potential for an OLED tattoo technology in integrated conformable electronic circuits.

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Ultraconformable organic devices

Cited by 4 publications

References 164 publications

Temporary Tattoo Approach for a Transferable Printed Organic Photodiode

Temporary Tattoo Approach for a Transferable Printed Organic Photodiode

Printed and Laser-Scribed Stretchable Conductors on Thin Elastomers for Soft and Wearable Electronics

Ultrathin, Ultra‐Conformable, and Free‐Standing Tattooable Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

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