Temporary Tattoo Approach for a Transferable Printed Organic Photodiode

Abstract

Generation of ultrathin, transferable, and imperceptible electronic devices [e.g., organic photodiode (OPD)] for multiple applications, such as personalized health monitors and wearables, is emerging due to the continuous development of materials and manufacturing processes. For such devices, the choice of a suitable substrate is of utmost importance. A water decal transfer from a temporary tattoo paper is adopted here as a substrate for ultrathin and conformable organic components because of easy and reliable transfer of a ≈600 nm robust and transparent polymer nanofilm of ethyl cellulose. Strategies for the fabrication of a transferable OPD on a temporary tattoo are investigated. A device with an overall thickness <1 μm and its performance after transfer are demonstrated. Then, efforts are put into fabricating an OPD by inkjet printing with a water-soluble active layer consisting of polythiophene and fullerene derivatives to aid cost- and material-efficient, large-scale production possibilities. Additionally, a second semitransparent electrode made of printed aluminum-doped zinc oxide and silver nanowires is used to allow usage from both sides to enhance the application potential. Both OPD examples presented here need improvement of the device performance but permitted us to highlight the versatility and application potential of temporary tattoos for transferable components. Target surfaces for the final application after transfer include artificial (flat and smooth, e.g., glass, or even complex and rough, e.g., concrete, paper, and so forth) as well as natural ones.

Solvent-Assisted Transfer-Printing of Silver Electrodes for High-Performance Organic Photodetectors

“…5−7 In recent years, with the rapid development of the organic optoelectronic industry, there has been an increasing focus on large-scale and low-cost printing fabrication techniques for flexible optoelectronic devices. 8−11 Printing electronic technologies, such as screen printing, 12 inkjet printing, 13,14 transfer-printing, 15,16 etc., have emerged as viable options for industrial-scale production and costeffectiveness. Among these techniques, transfer-printing is a novel method that offers simplicity, nondestructiveness, and compatibility with solution printing technology.…”

“…Furthermore, it can have a certain effect on the active layer of organic optoelectronic devices. It is crucial to maintain a very low initial deposition rate and achieve precise control throughout the device fabrication process. , The high-temperature metal particles can permeate into the organic film, and excessive metal penetration can lead to an increase in leakage current , and poor device stability. − In recent years, with the rapid development of the organic optoelectronic industry, there has been an increasing focus on large-scale and low-cost printing fabrication techniques for flexible optoelectronic devices. − Printing electronic technologies, such as screen printing, inkjet printing, , transfer-printing, , etc., have emerged as viable options for industrial-scale production and cost-effectiveness. Among these techniques, transfer-printing is a novel method that offers simplicity, nondestructiveness, and compatibility with solution printing technology .…”

Infrared Light Detection Technology Based on Organics

“…Among these promising semiconducting materials, organic semiconductors exhibiting nontoxicity and vast versatility are drawing increasing attention for use in areas such as wearable electronics, , implantable circuits, , and medical monitoring systems. ,, Meanwhile, some organic materials can be engineered to be biocompatible and biodegradable − to mitigate the influence of electronic wastes, making them suitable for environmentally friendly missions. Because of the chemical interactions, organic electronics can self-heal, , which extends the device lifetime and strengthens system robustness.…”

Self-healable Printed Electronic Cryogels for Plant Monitoring

“…As such, OECTs and electrodes have been investigated recently for their potential to assess plant status both in vivo and ex-vivo through the monitoring of their various signals of interest. 4,19,5,8,[20][21][22] One of the challenges of using implantable organic electrochemical transistor sensors remains the duration of the in vivo monitoring which is limited by the creation of cork tissue caused by the poor biocompatibility of the substrates used as implants. 8 To the best of our knowledge, none of the existing techniques offer to integrate cryogels as the substrate for implants for plant monitoring.…”