Tyrosinase/Chitosan/Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Sensitive and Interference-Free Detection of Dopamine

Liu, Cheng You; Chou, Yi Chieh; Huang, Tzu Ming; Chen, Jian-Zhang; Yeh, Yi Chun

doi:10.3390/app9040622

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Moreover, CS−GS provides selective determination toward DA and UA in various real samples. Liu and coworkers fabricated an enzymatic biosensor based on tyrosinase, chitosan, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) (tyrosinase/chitosan/rGO/SPCE) for the specific electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) [82]. In this work, chitosan has enhanced the mechanical and electrical stabilities of graphene through electrostatic interaction between positively charged functions of chitosan and carboxyl functional groups in rGOs.…”

Section: Graphene/conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Recent Progress in Graphene Based Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

et al. 2022

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Graphene and its derivatives have been widely used for the electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) neurotransmitter, thanks to its high surface area and excellent conductivity. Modified graphene and graphene-based nanocomposites have shown improved catalytic activity towards DA detection. Various modification approaches have been taken, including heteroatom doping and association with other nanomaterials. This review summarizes and highlights the recent advances in graphene-based electrodes for the electrochemical detection of DA. It also aims to provide an overview of the advantages of using polymer as a linker platform to form graphene-based nanocomposites applied to electrochemical DA sensors.

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Section: Graphene/conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Recent Progress in Graphene Based Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

et al. 2022

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“…Liu at al. [37] reported an interesting work about the development of a tyrosinase/Chitosan/GOx SPE with a good sensitivity (22 nM) and a broad linear range (0.1-500 µM) compared with existing electrochemical sensors. Taking inspiration from the literature, biochar was used, for the first time, for the fabrication of biosensors by using biochar/SPE as the support for tyrosinase (Ty) immobilization, in order to demonstrate the possibility of using it like the widely commercial nanomaterials.…”

Section: Tyrosinase Biosensor: An Example Of Biochar/spe Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar from Brewers’ Spent Grain: A Green and Low-Cost Smart Material to Modify Screen-Printed Electrodes

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Carbone

Pagano³

et al. 2019

Biosensors

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In the present study, biochar from brewers’ spent grain was used, for the first time, to develop screen-printed electrodes. After having investigated the dispersion behaviour of biochar in different organic solvents, a biochar-based screen-printed electrode was prepared with the drop-casting technique. In order to understand the electrochemical potentiality and performances of the biochar/sensor tool, different electroactive species, i.e., ferricyanide, benzoquinone, epinephrine, ascorbic, and uric acids, were used. The results were compared with those of the same electrodes that were modified with commercial graphene, confirming that the proposed electrode showed improved electrochemical behaviour in terms of resolution, peak-to-peak separation, current intensity, and resistance to charge transfer. Furthermore, a tyrosinase biosensor was developed by direct immobilisation of this enzyme on the biochar/screen printed electrode, as an example of the potential of biochar for disposable biosensor development. The efficiently occurred immobilisation of the biochar on the screen printed electrode’s (SPE’s) surface was demonstrated by the observation of the working electrode with a scanning electron microscope. The detection was performed by measuring the current due to the reduction of the corresponding quinone at low potential, equal to −0.310 V for epinephrine. The experimental conditions for the tyrosinase immobilization and the analytical parameters, such as applied potential and pH of buffer, were studied and optimized. Under these conditions, the electrochemical biosensors were characterized. A linear working range of epinephrine was obtained from 0.05 up to 0.5 mM. The detection limit was 2 × 10−4 mM for the biosensor.

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“…However, its poor electrical conductivity may limit its applicability. To overcome this issue, chitosan has generally been combined with nanomaterials, such as graphene [ 49 ], multi-walled carbon nanotubes [ 50 ], and metallic nanoparticles [ 20 , 34 , 36 ], as well as conducting polymers, such as polyaniline and polypyrrole [ 51 , 52 ]. Chitosan nanoparticles (ChitNPs) with a size smaller than 100 nm showed superior chemical and biological performances than pristine chitosan, making them an excellent source for biomedical and biotechnological applications [ 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Amperometric Biosensor Based on Tyrosinase/Chitosan Nanoparticles for Sensitive and Interference-Free Detection of Total Catecholamine

et al. 2022

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The regulation of nervous and cardiovascular systems and some brain-related behaviors, such as stress, panic, anxiety, and depression, are strictly dependent on the levels of the main catecholamines of clinical interest, dopamine (DA), epinephrine (EP), and norepinephrine (NEP). Therefore, there is an urgent need for a reliable sensing device able to accurately monitor them in biological fluids for early diagnosis of the diseases related to their abnormal levels. In this paper, we present the first tyrosinase (Tyr)-based biosensor based on chitosan nanoparticles (ChitNPs) for total catecholamine (CA) detection in human urine samples. ChitNPs were synthetized according to an ionic gelation process and successively characterized by SEM and EDX techniques. The screen-printed graphene electrode was prepared by a two-step drop-casting method of: (i) ChitNPS; and (ii) Tyr enzyme. Optimization of the electrochemical platform was performed in terms of the loading method of Tyr on ChitNPs (nanoprecipitation and layer-by-layer), enzyme concentration, and enzyme immobilization with and without 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) as cross-linking agents. The Tyr/EDC-NHS/ChitNPs nanocomposite showed good conductivity and biocompatibility with Tyr enzyme, as evidenced by its high biocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of DA, EP, and NEP to the relative o-quinone derivatives electrochemically reduced at the modified electrode. The resulting Tyr/EDC-NHS/ChitNPs-based biosensor performs interference-free total catecholamine detection, expressed as a DA concentration, with a very low LOD of 0.17 μM, an excellent sensitivity of 0.583 μA μM−1 cm−2, good stability, and a fast response time (3 s). The performance of the biosensor was successively assessed in human urine samples, showing satisfactory results and, thus, demonstrating the feasibility of the proposed biosensor for analyzing total CA in physiological samples.

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Tyrosinase/Chitosan/Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Sensitive and Interference-Free Detection of Dopamine

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Review—Recent Progress in Graphene Based Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

Review—Recent Progress in Graphene Based Modified Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine

Biochar from Brewers’ Spent Grain: A Green and Low-Cost Smart Material to Modify Screen-Printed Electrodes

Novel Amperometric Biosensor Based on Tyrosinase/Chitosan Nanoparticles for Sensitive and Interference-Free Detection of Total Catecholamine

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