Trimethylsulfonium lead triiodide (TMSPbI₃) for moisture-stable perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Conventional, high-efficiency, hybrid organic—inorganic perovskites (e.g., methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3), formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3)) having ammonium-based organic cations exhibits poor moisture stability mainly due to the effective hydrogen bonding interaction...

Mixed Dimensional Perovskites Heterostructure for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

“…[9] However, low efficiency of Me 3 SPbI 3 based solar cell could be attributed to the rough and porous nature of the perovskite film and the relatively narrow absorption range up to around 530 nm compared with other typical 3D perovskite such as MAPbI 3 or FAPbI 3. [32,37] It was a challenge for the preparation of an uniform and homogeneous film due to the large tolerance factor in1D crystal structures [34,37] obtained via two-step solution process. Due to the poor solubility of Me 3 SI in the common solvents, such as DMF, DMSO, or γ-butyrolactone, the surface coverage of perovskite film is poor which results in lower PCE through one-step solution process method.…”

“…The UV absorption and the steady‐state PL spectrum are shown in Figure S1, Supporting Information, the absorption peak ranges from 350 to 700 nm while a broad emission peak of Me 3 SPbI 3 nanorod arrays is observed at about 520 nm perovskite with good crystallinity and purity. [ 30,32 ] Meanwhile, we also measured XRD for the sampled prepared at 25 °C. However, we found that there was still a residual peak for PbI 2 after even 12 h dipping, suggesting a slow formation of Me 3 SPbI 3 nanoarrays as shown in Figure S2, Supporting Information.…”

“…To address this stability issue, sulfonium‐containing cations, such as including trimethylsulfonium (Me 3 S + ), trimethylsulfoxonium (Me 3 S + ), and butyldimethylsulfonium (BDMS + ), have been investigated and these cations display great potential for constructing stable perovskite materials and related optoelectronic devices. [ 32 ] Among them, it has been demonstrated that Me 3 SI, a novel sulfur‐based cation, could react with metal halide and form stable 1D perovskites Me 3 SBX 3 in or (Me 3 S) 2 BX 3 . Kaltzoglou and co‐workers developed Me 3 SPbI 3 and investigated its structural and optoelectronic properties, which showed high stability under moist air conditions and up to 200 °C for the first time.…”

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Broadband Emission of (CH3)3SSnCl3

“…We have previously reported the use of the trimethylsulfonium cation in hybrid perovskite compounds as a substitute for the hygroscopic methylammonium (MA) and formamidinium (FA) cations. This led to the new series of (CH 3 ) 3 SPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, I) compounds, which are very stable in ambient air but unfortunately have large band gaps of over 2.5 eV and cannot be used as absorbers in solar cells. , To our knowledge, the maximum power conversion efficiency achieved for a (CH 3 ) 3 SPbI 3 -based solar cell is 2.22% . Nevertheless, a 1D/3D-absorber architecture approach has been employed using an extra (CH 3 ) 3 SPbI 3 layer in (FA/MA)­PbI 3 -based solar cells that increases the device stability. , …”

“…9,10 To our knowledge, the maximum power conversion efficiency achieved for a (CH 3 ) 3 SPbI 3 -based solar cell is 2.22%. 11 Nevertheless, a 1D/3D-absorber architecture approach has been employed using an extra (CH 3 ) 3 SPbI 3 layer in (FA/ MA)PbI 3 -based solar cells that increases the device stability. 12,13 With regard to lead-free perovskites, tin seems to be the best alternative due to similar electronic properties and lower toxicity than lead, but it exhibits slow stability in ambient air due to the oxidation of Sn(II) to Sn(IV).…”