Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties, power conversion efficiency (PCE), cost-effectiveness, and solution processability. [1][2][3][4][5] Within a few years, the PCE of 3D (3D) perovskite materials based PSCs has rapidly soared from 3.8% to 25.8%, which is comparable with that of the state-of-art monocrystalline silicon solar cells. [6][7][8] However, because of their intrinsic structural characteristics, 3D perovskites still suffer from poor stability in ambient conditions, when exposed to UV light, moisture, heat, and electric field, which limits the commercialization potential of the PSCs. [9][10][11][12][13] To address the longterm stability issue, 1D perovskites are emerging as ideal alternatives due to their structural diversity, tunable optical properties, and superior environmental stability. [14][15][16] From the molecular level, the 1D perovskites, are different from the morphological 1D nanowires, nanofibers, and nanorods. [17] Typically, the [PbX 6 ] 4À octahedral surrounded by organic cations are corner-sharing, edge-sharing, or face-sharing to form a 1D perovskites chain. [18,19] 1D perovskite show superb stability by taking the advantage of the improvement of the skeleton strength attribute to the "shoulder to shoulder" arrangement of [PbX 6 ] 4À and the protection of organic cations. [20] By incorporating large organic cations into the 3D perovskite precursor or post-
The manganese oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MnO 2 /MWNT) composite and the manganese oxide/ acetylene black (MnO 2 /AB) composite were prepared by translating potassium permanganate into MnO 2 which formed the above composite with residual carbon material using the redox deposition method and carbon as a reducer. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscope. Electrochemical properties of both the MnO 2 / MWNT and MnO 2 /AB electrodes were studied by using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance measurement, and galvanostatic charge/discharge tests. The results show that the MnO 2 /MWNT electrode has better electrochemical capacitance performance than the MnO 2 /AB electrode. The charge-discharge test showed the specific capacitance of 182.3 F·g −1 for the MnO 2 /MWNT electrode, and the specific capacitance of 127.2 F·g −1 for the MnO 2 / AB electrode had obtained, within potential range of 0-1 V at a charge/discharge current density of 200 mA·g −1 in 0.5 mol·L −1 potassium sulfate electrolyte solution in the first cycle. The specific capacitance of both the MnO 2 / MWNT and MnO 2 /AB electrodes were 141.2 F·g −1 and 78.5 F·g −1 after 1,200 cycles, respectively. The MnO 2 / MWNT electrode has better cycling performance. The effect of different morphologies was investigated for both MnO 2 /MWNT and MnO 2 /AB composites.
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