The organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells with its great advances in the costefficient fabrication process and high-power conversion efficiency have outperformed a range of traditional photovoltaic technologies such as multi-crystal Si and CIGS. Meanwhile, the undesirable operational stability of perovskite solar cell lags its commercialization where perovskite solar cells suffer a lattice degradation and lost the capability of energy harvesting when encountering the crucial environmental factors such as high moisture and strong irradiation. Accordingly, improving the operational stability becomes one of the decisive factors to govern the next wave advancement of the perovskite solar cells. Among a plethora of reported strategies to improve the stability, building a multidimensional (2D/3D) heterojunction perovskite as the light-harvesting layer has recently become one of the most credible approaches to stabilize the PSCs without sacrificing of photovoltaic performance. In this mini-review, the recent progress in 2D/3D multidimensional PSCs has been elaborately reviewed. Detailed information including the long-chain cation materials, development of fabrication process, charge carrier dynamics, optoelectronic properties, and their impact on the photovoltaic performances has been systematically discussed. Finally, some of the further challenges are highlighted while outlining the perspectives of multidimensional 2D/3D perovskites for stable and highperformance PSCs.
Perovskite solar cells attract widespread attention due to their impressive power conversion efficiencies, high absorption coefficients, tunable bandgap, and straightforward manufacturing protocols. However, in the process of further development and optimization toward mass production, the long‐term stability stands as one of the most urgent challenges that need to be overcome. Given the excellent thermal stability and high structural designability, ionic liquids (ILs) are relatively green room‐temperature molten salts that have been widely applied to perovskite photovoltaic devices with promising results in view of improved stability and enhanced device performance. In this review, the reasons and mechanisms of instability of such devices under external and internal factors are analyzed. The current strategies of ILs engineering for improved stability of the devices are classified and summarized, including the IL‐assisted perovskite film evolution and IL‐modified photophysical properties of the perovskite photoactive layer and the related stability and photovoltaic performance of the devices. The challenges that stand as obstacles toward further development of perovskite solar cells based on IL engineering and their prospects are also discussed.
Conventional, high-efficiency, hybrid organic—inorganic perovskites (e.g., methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3), formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3)) having ammonium-based organic cations exhibits poor moisture stability mainly due to the effective hydrogen bonding interaction...
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