Trichoderma asperellum: A Dominant Endophyte Species in Cacao Grown in Sulawesi with Potential for Controlling Vascular Streak Dieback Disease

Rosmana, Ade; Samuels, Gary J.; Ismaiel, Adnan; Ibrahim, Eli Surya; Chaverri, Priscila; Herawati, Yustina; Asman, Asman

doi:10.1007/s40858-015-0004-1

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…09-1559 [16]. This strain is held in the collection of the Cocoa Research Group Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245 Indonesia and in the collection of the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The critical characteristic of this association is Trichoderma penetration into the root system, where they can persist. Recent studies on cacao show that Trichoderma is also capable of persisting on living sapwood and leaves in an endophytic association [141516]. In the presence of Trichoderma on cacao tissue, the VSD incidence decreased when the pathogen was inoculated by foliar spraying and seedling grafted with scion infected by pathogen.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of Trichoderma on cacao tissue, the VSD incidence decreased when the pathogen was inoculated by foliar spraying and seedling grafted with scion infected by pathogen. In addition, Trichoderma have added ability of enhancing cacao shoot-grafts on seedlings [16]. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Endophytic Association ofTrichoderma asperellumwithinTheobroma cacaoSuppresses Vascular Streak Dieback Incidence and Promotes Side Graft Growth

et al. 2016

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Trichoderma species are able to persist on living sapwood and leaves of cacao (Theobroma cacao) in an endophytic relationship. In this research, we evaluated the ability of Trichodema asperellum introduced at the incision site in the bark for side grafting with the concentration of 4 g/10 mL, 4 g/100 mL, and 4 g/1,000 mL (suspended in water) in suppressing vascular streak dieback (VSD) incidence and promoting growth of side grafts in the field. The incidence of VSD in two local clones of cacao, MCC1 and M04, without application of T. asperellum was 71.2% and 70.1% at 21 wk after grafting, respectively. However, when the two clones were treated with a concentration of 4 g/10 mL T. asperellum, the incidence was 20.6% and 21.7%, respectively, compared to 29.1% and 20.9% at 4 g/100 mL and 18.2% and 15.6% at 4 g/1,000 mL. By comparing to the control, the treatment with the same concentrations of T. asperellum listed above, the total number of stomata in MCC1 decreased by 41.9%, 30.2%, and 14.0% and in M04 by 30.5%, 21.9%, and -2.5% (exception), respectively. Otherwise, the total area of stomata opening increased by 91.4%, 99.7%, and 28.6% in MCC1 and by 203.8%, 253.5%, and 35.9% in M04, respectively. Furthermore, the number of buds and branches treated with a mixture concentration on the the two clones increased by 90.7% and 21.7%, respectively. These data showed that the application of T. asperellum to cacao scions while grafting can decrease VSD incidence in side grafts and increase growth of grafts in addition to decreasing total number of stomata, increasing total area of opened stomata, and increasing number of buds and branches.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophytic Association ofTrichoderma asperellumwithinTheobroma cacaoSuppresses Vascular Streak Dieback Incidence and Promotes Side Graft Growth

et al. 2016

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“…Trichoderma sp. yang banyak ditemukan sebagai endofit adalah T. asperellum, T. martiale, dan T. stromaticum (Hanada et al, 2010;Rosmana et al, 2014), T. longibrachiatum (Krauss & Soberanis, 2002), T. virens (Hanada et al, 2010;Sriwati et al, 2015).…”

Section: (A B)= Swii Stii (C)= Swi Dan (D)= Pb5unclassified

Isolasi dan Seleksi Jamur Endofit Asal Tanaman Kakao Sebagai Agens Hayati Phytophthora palmivora Butl.

Harni¹,

Amaria²,

Khaerati³

et al. 2016

J. Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar

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ABSTRAKPhytophthora palmivora Butl. merupakan patogen penyebab penyakit busuk buah kakao (BBK) yang menimbulkan kerugian cukup besar bagi petani. Pengendalian P. palmivora yang banyak dianjurkan adalah pengendalian ramah lingkungan dengan menggunakan agens hayati seperti jamur endofit. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan jamur endofit asal tanaman kakao yang bekerja sebagai agens hayati terhadap P. palmivora patogen penyebab busuk buah kakao. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai bulan Januari sampai Juli 2015. Eksplorasi jamur endofit dilakukan di beberapa daerah penghasil kakao, yaitu Sulawesi Tenggara, Lampung, dan Jawa Barat. Bahan tanaman kakao yang digunakan sebagai sampel adalah daun, buah, dan ranting dari beberapa varietas dan klon kakao. Isolat-isolat jamur endofit diisolasi, dimurnikan, dan diseleksi kinerjanya terhadap P. palmivora secara in vitro pada media PDA dan secara in vivo pada buah kakao. Hasil isolasi diperoleh 269 isolat jamur endofit dari beberapa daerah, yaitu 195 isolat dari Sulawesi Tenggara, 41 isolat dari Jawa Barat, dan 33 isolat dari Lampung. Hasil seleksi isolat jamur endofit terhadap P. palmivora diperoleh 4 isolat jamur dari marga Trichoderma yang potensial sebagai agens hayati untuk pengendalian P. palmivora, yaitu SWI, STII, PB5, dan SWII dengan daya hambat 70,33%; 68,89%; 67,43%; dan 66,67%.Kata kunci: Phytophthora palmivora Butl., busuk buah kakao, jamur endofit 70.33%; 68.89%; 67.43%; and 66.67%, respectively. ABSTRACT Phytophthora palmivora Butl. is a causal pathogen of black pod rot of cocoa (BPR) which leads to severe crop losses. Control of P. palmivora using biological agents such as endophytic fungi is most recommended for its environmentally friendly benefits. The aim of this research was to obtain endophytic fungi from cacao plant that works as biological agent against

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“…against specific plant pathogens, such as an application of Trichoderma to control Rigidoporus microporus (Setyawan et al 2014), the use of T. asperellum against F. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Saravanakumar et al 2016), and T. asperellum to manage vascular streak dieback disease of cocoa in Indonesia (Rosmana et al 2015). Research on antifungal properties of Trichoderma to control several pathogens either from different species or isolates or strains of the same species has not been yet extensively explored, particularly in legumes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes

2019

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Abstract. Yusnawan E, Inayati A, Baliadi Y. 2019. Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes. Biodiversitas 20: 2048-2054. Soilborne diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium sp. are biotic limits for legume production. Biological controls offer environmental friendly control for these pathogens. This study aimed to isolate and screen Trichoderma from different rhizospheres and to obtain effective Trichoderma isolates to suppress in vitro growth of the soil borne pathogens. The antagonistic inhibitory activity was performed by dual culture method. Seven out of forty indigenous Trichoderma isolates collected from East Java, Indonesia effectively suppressed the growth of different fungal isolates, namely Rhizoctonia solani (R.s1), R. solani (R.s2) as well as Fusarium sp. which infected soybean and mung bean. In vitro study showed different suppression of the pathogens on dual culture tests. The seven isolates inhibited the growth of R. solani (R.s1), R.solani (R.s2) and Fusarium sp. ranging from 90.0 to 99.6%, 72.8 to 82.4%, and 67.9 to 90.8%, respectively. Isolate origin and genetic variability of Trichoderma played an important role in the antagonistic activity. The fast-growing of selected Trichoderma showed their abilities for space occupation and nutrition competition, which involved in the antagonistic activity. The mycelial growth of Trichoderma over pathogens showed hyperparasitism mechanism. In addition, coiling of Trichoderma over hyphal pathogens was observed during microscopic observation. The seven Trichoderma isolates, therefore, are promising as biological control agents against the soil borne fungi infected legumes.

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Trichoderma asperellum: A Dominant Endophyte Species in Cacao Grown in Sulawesi with Potential for Controlling Vascular Streak Dieback Disease

Cited by 30 publications

References 26 publications

Endophytic Association ofTrichoderma asperellumwithinTheobroma cacaoSuppresses Vascular Streak Dieback Incidence and Promotes Side Graft Growth

Endophytic Association ofTrichoderma asperellumwithinTheobroma cacaoSuppresses Vascular Streak Dieback Incidence and Promotes Side Graft Growth

Isolasi dan Seleksi Jamur Endofit Asal Tanaman Kakao Sebagai Agens Hayati Phytophthora palmivora Butl.

Isolation of antagonistic fungi from rhizospheres and its biocontrol activity against different isolates of soil borne fungal pathogens infected legumes

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